Apparent phenomenon and origin of "oil-cracking gas" in Kelasu structural belt of Kuqa Depression

XUE Kaiwen; XU Yaohui; WANG Huijun; ZHANG Ke; ZHAO Ya; HE Jiayi; ZENG Qianghao; HE Taohua

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250384

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XUE Kaiwen，XU Yaohui，WANG Huijun，et al. Apparent phenomenon and origin of 'oil-cracking gas' in Kelasu structural belt of Kuqa Depression[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2026，45（2）：117-131 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250384

Citation:

XUE Kaiwen，XU Yaohui，WANG Huijun，et al. Apparent phenomenon and origin of "oil-cracking gas" in Kelasu structural belt of Kuqa Depression[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2026，45（2）：117-131 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250384

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Apparent phenomenon and origin of "oil-cracking gas" in Kelasu structural belt of Kuqa Depression

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250384

XUE Kaiwen^{1a, 1b
,},
XU Yaohui^{1a, 1b},
WANG Huijun²,
ZHANG Ke³,
ZHAO Ya^{1a, 1b},
HE Jiayi^{1a, 1b},
ZENG Qianghao^{1a, 1b},
HE Taohua^{1a, 1b
,
,}

1a.
College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University
1b.
Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
2.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, Jianghan Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Wuhan 430223, China
3.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Korla Xinjiang 841000, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：842436593@qq.com
Corresponding author: E-mail：hetaohua@yangtzeu.edu.cn
Received Date: 20 Aug 2025
Accepted Date: 10 Nov 2025
Rev Recd Date: 27 Oct 2025

Available Online: 28 Feb 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Objective
The Kelasu structural belt of the Kuqa Depression in the Tarim Basin hosts abundant deep to ultra-deep natural gas resources, and the reservoirs generally exhibit a high degree of thermal maturity. Natural gas from the Kela-Keshen area exhibits a characteristic "oil-cracking gas" signature on the conventional genetic diagram of ln(C₂/C₃₎ versus ln(C₁/C₂). However, this interpretation is inconsistent with the geological reality, as the area lacks effective Type Ⅰ-Ⅱ kerogen and oil sources, resulting in a discrepancy between the inferred gas origin and the actual geological conditions. To elucidate the apparent “oil-cracking gas” phenomenon and its genetic mechanism in this area, an in-depth investigation of the geochemical characteristics is required.
Methods
Two representative blocks along the East-West trend of the Kelasu structural belt (Bozi and Kela-Keshen) were selected as study areas. Gold-tube thermal simulation experiments, natural gas compositional analyses, and carbon isotope analysis of natural gas were conducted to systematically investigate the thermal evolution characteristics of natural gas derived from different source rocks. On the basis of the ln(C₂/C₃) versus ln(C₁/C₂) crossplot, a quantitative analytical model for mixed-source interpretation of natural gas in the Kelasu area of the Kuqa Depression was established.
Results
Butane and pentane isomerization parameters (iC₄/nC₄>1.0 and iC₅/nC₅ > 1.0) indicated that natural gas in the Kelasu area was kerogen-cracking gas. Mixed-source proportion calculations revealed that natural gas in the Kela-Keshen area was primarily derived from mature coal-bearing source rocks, with contribution ratios commonly exceeding 80%. In contrast, natural gas in the Bozi area was mainly sourced from lacustrine mudstone, with coal-derived gas contributing only approximately 30%.
Conclusions
Natural gas in the Kelasu area is not oil-cracking gas, but rather represents cracking products from different kerogen types at high to over-mature stages. The apparent "oil-cracking gas" characteristics displayed on classical identification plots result from the high degree of thermal evolution. The results reveal the complexity of deep natural gas genesis under high evolution conditions, and establish the quantitative analysis method of mixed source gas, which provides a theoretical basis for deep natural gas exploration in Kuqa Depression and similar high evolution basins.
- Kuqa Depression,
- Kelasu structural belt,
- oil-cracking gas,
- kerogen-cracking gas,
- mixed-source gas,
- deep to ultra deep,
- ln(C₂/C₃)−ln(C₁/C₂)

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References(56)

References

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Apparent phenomenon and origin of "oil-cracking gas" in Kelasu structural belt of Kuqa Depression

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Apparent phenomenon and origin of "oil-cracking gas" in Kelasu structural belt of Kuqa Depression

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