| Citation: | HUAI Yulu，PAN Jianwei，LUO Haixin，et al. Two-dimensional SNMR imaging based on HED integration under undulating terrain conditions[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2026，45（3）：1-12 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240801
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Traditional surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) methods often neglect terrain conditions during forward modeling, which affects the accuracy of two-dimensional imaging. If the excitation electromagnetic field is still calculated using traditional SNMR methods under such conditions, the accuracy of two-dimensional imaging will be compromised. This study analyzes the characteristics of SNMR response signals under undulating terrain based on the harmonic electric dipole (HED) integral method, revealing that terrain is a key factor affecting inversion results.
Numerical simulations were conducted to establish two geological models: Monoclinal and embankment models. And a comparative analysis was performed on SNMR two-dimensional signal characteristics and inversion results under different terrain conditions.
The results showed that SNMR two-dimensional inversion incorporating undulating terrain achieved better agreement with preset models in terms of water-bearing body location, geometry, and water content. The HED integral method could overcome the influence of terrain factors, effectively enhancing the identification capability of water-bearing body boundaries and the overall continuity of aquifers under undulating terrain conditions. Field validation at Hongfeng Lake in Guiyang, combined with electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), showed that the HED-based SNMR two-dimensional inversion under undulating terrain clearly visualized subsurface water distribution, accurately delineated aquifer locations and geometries, and better reflected the complexity of aquifer lateral distribution, thereby enhancing inversion accuracy.
The experimental results verify that the HED integral method better adapts to complex terrain conditions and provides technical support as well as methodological reference for high-precision groundwater detection.
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