| Citation: | JING Haijie，WANG Linlin，REN Kexiong，et al. Pressure evolution and underpressure generation in the Shanxi sandstone reservoirs of the Xinzhao area, northern Ordos[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2025，${article_volume}（0）：1-15 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240130
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The Upper Paleozoic sandstone reservoirs in the Xinzhao area, northern Ordos Basin are rich in natural gas and characterized by underpressure. The mechanisms of paleo-pressure evolution and underpressure formation are unclear, constraining the understanding of tight sandstone gas accumulation and the enhancement of natural gas production.
In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the petroleum charging history in the second member of the Shanxi Formation using fluid inclusion petrographic observation, micrometry, and laser Raman analysis. Subsequently, we obtained the paleo-pressure during the key period of reservoir formation. The paleo-pressure evolution history was reconstructed by the basin simulation method, and the coupling relationship between paleo-fluid pressure evolution and petroleum charging was established. The relationship between the causes of underpressure and tight gas accumulation is further discussed.
The results indicate that: (1) CO2 was captured in the second member of the Shanxi Formation in the Xinzhao area from 170 to 180 Ma, when the source rock was in the middle to low maturity stage, and the methane inclusion was captured in the peak of hydrocarbon generation from 138 to 121 Ma. (2) Overpressure in the second member of the Shanxi Formation began to develop in the Early Jurassic and reached a maximum paleo-pressure and paleo-pressure coefficient of 50 MPa and 1.31, respectively, by the end of the Early Cretaceous. (3) The decrease in formation pressure in the second member of the Shanxi Formation, caused by temperature decrease, pore rebound, and gas diffusion, accounted for 49%, 14.5%, and 36.5% of the total formation pressure decrease, respectively.
The tight gas reservoir of the second member in the Shanxi Formation has undergone a pressure evolution process from normal pressure to medium overpressure to normal pressure and finally to underpressure. Hydrocarbon generation supercharging and pressure conduction are the primary factors contributing to ancient overpressure. Temperature decrease and natural gas diffusion are the primary factors contributing to the formation of underpressure in the second member of the Shanxi Formation.
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