| Citation: | CAO Zicheng，YUN Lu，PING Hongwei，et al. Geochemistry and origin of Ordovician natural gas in Shunbei area of Tarim Basin[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2025，44（5）：38-50 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240099
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Petroleum breakthroughs in the strike-slip fault zones of the northeastern Shunbei area in the last decades reveled the spatial variation in petroleum accumulation types and phase patterns, including the oil accumulation on the north, condensate gas accumulation on the south, and dry gas accumulation on the east. Therefore, to further advance ultra-deep petroleum exploration, it is crucial to reveal the genesis mechanism, source, and thermal maturation of the natural gas from the perspective of overall petroleum distribution.
This study systematically collected gas samples from various fault zones in the Shunbei area in order to analyze the geochemical characteristics of natural gas and reveal its generation mechanism or thermal evolution process.
The results indicate that the natural gas in the Shunbei area was minimally affected by TSR even though some parts of the fault zones showed strong modification of thermal-chemical sulfate reduction (TSR). The natural gases in the No. 1 fault zone and in the northern and middle sections of the No. 5 fault zone are primarily crude oil-associated gases generated by primary kerogen cracking. In contrast, the natural gases in the southern section of the No. 5 and No. 4 fault zones were mainly the mixture of early kerogen cracking gas (oil-associated gas) and late crude oil cracking gas. The natural gas in the Shunbei No. 12 fault zone originated from deeper, high-temperature crude oil cracking gas, which occurred at the wet gas stage. The natural gases in the study area predominantly came from the source rocks of the Lower Cambrian Yurtus Formation, and the parent material of these gases is characterized by benthic algae or a mixture of benthic and planktonic algae. Finally, a regression equation for thermal maturity calculation based on the carbon isotope of methane was established for the hydrocarbon generation process in the source rocks of the Yurtus Formation.
The research findings provide important insights into the origin, source, and thermal maturity of ultra-deep gas, offering valuable references for future studies on hydrocarbon generation in the Shunbei area.
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