Indicative significance of gravity-magnetic wavelet multi-scale decomposition for deep mineral exploration: A case study of Chengchao iron deposit in southeastern Hubei Province

SHI Wenjie; LUO Heng; MIN Houlu; YU Bingfei; LIANG Wan; XU Yang; ZHENG Xianwei; CHEN Yanlong

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb202603005

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SHI Wenjie，LUO Heng，MIN Houlu，et al. Indicative significance of gravity-magnetic wavelet multi-scale decomposition for deep mineral exploration: A case study of Chengchao iron deposit in southeastern Hubei Province[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2026，45（4）：1-15 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb202603005

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Indicative significance of gravity-magnetic wavelet multi-scale decomposition for deep mineral exploration: A case study of Chengchao iron deposit in southeastern Hubei Province

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb202603005

SHI Wenjie^1
,,
LUO Heng^{2, 3
,
,},
MIN Houlu⁴,
YU Bingfei^{2, 3},
LIANG Wan⁵,
XU Yang^{2, 3},
ZHENG Xianwei⁵,
CHEN Yanlong⁴

1.
School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Central South Geological Survey Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Wuhan 430081, China
3.
Institute of Mineral Resources Research, China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Beijing 101399, China
4.
WISCO Resources Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430077, China
5.
Chengchao Mining Co., Ltd., WISCO Resources Group Co., Ltd., Ezhou Hubei 436043, China

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Author Bio:
E-mail：swjhaoo@126.com
Corresponding author: E-mail：512094233@qq.com
Received Date: 03 Mar 2026
Accepted Date: 09 Apr 2026
Rev Recd Date: 31 Mar 2026

Available Online: 27 Apr 2026

Abstract

Abstract

Objective
As a key iron ore base in China, southeastern Hubei Province hosts numerous large and medium-sized skarn-type iron deposits. The Chengchao iron deposit, one of the most representative large skarn-type iron mines in this region, has been explored intensively by drilling projects. The deepest existing engineering control has reached an elevation of −1300 m, and the ore body has not been fully delineated, indicating great exploration potential in its deep and peripheral areas. High-grade iron ore is a strategic mineral resource in China, and gravity and magnetic prospecting have become efficient geophysical techniques for magnetite exploration. Nevertheless, traditional potential field separation methods are highly dependent on manual parameter selection and have limited capability in extracting weak deep-seated anomaly signals. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an effective technical means to accurately identify deep mineralization information from gravity-magnetic anomaly data for deep mineral exploration in the study area.
Methods
This study took the Chengchao iron deposit area and its surroundings as the research object. Based on the GMS gravity-magnetic exploration software, the DB4 wavelet basis was adopted to conduct wavelet multi-scale decomposition on collected gravity and magnetic data. The power spectrum analysis method was further applied to quantitatively calculate the apparent source depths corresponding to each order of wavelet detail anomalies. From planar and profile perspectives, this study systematically analyzed the intensity, scale, positive-negative anomaly combination, and gradient characteristics of magnetic and gravity detail anomalies at different depths. Combined with physical property test data, drilling records, and magnetotelluric sounding results, this study established the spatial correlation between geophysical anomalies and known geological bodies as well as iron ore bodies.
Results
The research results showed that the intensity of the first- to fourth-order wavelet detail anomalies increased continuously with the growth of apparent source depth, and the fourth-order anomalies reached the maximum amplitude with a corresponding apparent source depth of approximately 1570 m. Although the intensity of the fifth-order detail anomalies decreased slightly, their distribution range expanded significantly. At present, the magnetite ore bodies controlled by existing engineering works are mainly distributed in the shallow and middle zones corresponding to the first- to third-order detail anomalies. The strong fourth-order anomalies, however, have not been verified by deep drilling, indicating significant geophysical responses of high-density and high-magnetic geological bodies in the deep part of the mining area.
Conclusion
This study verifies that wavelet multi-scale decomposition can effectively separate local gravity-magnetic anomalies at different depths and realize multi-dimensional refined interpretation. A deep verification borehole and logging data have uncovered industrial magnetite ore at depths below 1600 m, setting a new record of the deepest ore occurrence in the mining area. The proposed integrated technical workflow proves reliable for detecting concealed ore bodies and interpreting deep geological structures in old mines. It can also provide a solid technical reference for deep exploration of similar skarn-type iron deposits worldwide.
- Chengchao iron deposit,
- wavelet multi-scale analysis,
- detail anomaly,
- gravity-magnetic anomaly,
- power spectrum analysis

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References(55)

References

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Indicative significance of gravity-magnetic wavelet multi-scale decomposition for deep mineral exploration: A case study of Chengchao iron deposit in southeastern Hubei Province

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Indicative significance of gravity-magnetic wavelet multi-scale decomposition for deep mineral exploration: A case study of Chengchao iron deposit in southeastern Hubei Province

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