| Citation: | WEI Zijun，GAO Ke. CO2 sequestration in deep saline aquifers with integrated thermo-hydro-mechanical model[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2025，44（4）：129-141 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240772
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Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is crucial for mitigating global climate change, and deep saline aquifers, with the largest identified storage potential, are considered the preferred storage sites. However, CO2 injection is prone to escape through interconnected fractures or reactivated faults toward the surface due to buoyancy. Therefore, investigating the impact of CO2 injection on faults and the feedback effect of fault reactivation on CO2 leakage is of significant importance.
In this study, we develop a fully coupled two-phase thermo-hydro-mechanical model to simulate the interactions between CO2 injection, fault failure, and CO2 plume propagation.
The modeling results reveal that upon fault activation, the permeability distribution exhibits a clear dichotomy. Moreover, the evolution of fault permeability is closely linked to the spatio-temporal changes in the pore pressure field. As the initial failure zone evolves into a high-permeability area, it facilitates the release of pore pressure, thereby suppressing further fault activation and leading to localized fault reactivation. Additionally, the migration range of CO2 plumes is not directly correlated with the cooled region of the rock mass. The plume spreads rapidly and extensively, reaching a front migration distance of up to
In conclusion, the developed two-phase thermo-hydro-mechanical model, incorporating damage behavior, demonstrates robust performance and effectively captures the complex interaction between fault progressive failure and CO2 plume migration. This model offers both theoretical and technical support for assessing the long-term safety of carbon sequestration projects.
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