| Citation: | QIAO Xiangyu，WANG Quanrong. Considering the effect of layered heterogeneity on CO2 migration processes and sequestration in marine saline aquifers[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2025，44（4）：107-115 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240365
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Numerical modeling is a primary tool for studying the migration mechanisms and sequestration of CO2 in saline aquifers. However, previous studies often assume that reservoirs are regular rectangular shapes and homogeneous, with few reports on numerical simulations of CO2 migration in marine saline aquifers.
This study focuses on a reservoir in the South China Sea, taking into account the heterogeneity of the formation and the actual location of the lithological traps. The study establishes a heterogeneous geological model based on seismic reflection characteristics and drilling data, using TOUGHREACT to simulate the effects of different injection locations on CO2 migration and sequestration in the formation.
The results indicate that the upward migration of CO2 is hindered by mudstone, while lateral migration is more pronounced. For different injection scenarios, significant variations in reservoir pressure distribution were observed. The reservoir pressure reaches 40.1 MPa when injecting at the top, 39.7 MPa at the bottom, and 40.3 MPa when injecting in a complete well. Therefore, the pressure buildup from long-term implementation of complete well injection and top injection schemes may damage the reservoir cap rock, increasing the risk of CO2 leakage. The bottom and middle injection schemes are safer. When injected continuously for 100 years, CO2 is predominantly in the supercritical phase, accounting for more than 77% of the total sequestration, with the dissolved phase making up less than 23%. At the same wellhead injection pressure, the homogeneous model overestimates the storage volume of the reservoir. The heterogeneous model injects 55.1% and 49.3% more CO2 at the top and middle, respectively, compared to the bottom. Sensitivity analysis results show that porosity and permeability have a more significant impact on the results than capillary pressure.
This study aims to investigate the impact of injection well locations on CO2 migration mechanisms and storage capacity when considering the layered heterogeneity of the reservoir, with the aim of providing theoretical guidance for the design of well placement for CO2 storage.
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