| Citation: | WANG Mingsen，DENG Bin，ZHANG Wanqi，et al. Quantitative characterization and simulation of soil moisture distribution in heterogeneous vadose zone[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology，2025，44（3）：1-13 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240256
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The vadose zone serves as a critical link between vegetation and groundwater, with its lithological structure being one of the main factors influencing groundwater ecological functions. However, the weak permeable interlayer in the structure of the venous zone has a delayed and delayed effect on the infiltration flow from the ground and local storage (water retention in the upper layer). Although the water volume of this part is very small, it has certain water supply significance for the maintenance of vegetation ecology in extreme arid areas. In order to explore how lithologic structure affects soil water content distribution,
Four soil columns were designed: homogeneous soil column (O), thin interbedded soil column (A), single thick interbedded soil column (B) and double interbedded soil column (C). The indoor drainage and infiltration experiments are conducted on these layered heterogeneous soil columns. The numerical simulation of variable saturation flow is carried out based on physical experiments.
During the experiment, the fine-grained soil interlayer structure causes water retention in the interlayer and at the upper and lower interfaces of the interlayer, forming a water accumulation area. Compared with column O, the water release duration of column A, column B and column C increased by 290 h, 500 h and 780 h, respectively, and the water holding capacity increased by 6.20 cm, 7.90 cm and 7.83 cm, respectively. The numerical simulation results show that the modified van Genuchten model can better simulate the layered soil moisture profile.
Fine-grained soil interlayer has a significant retarding effect on the underwater migration characteristics of infiltration, and water is mainly retained inside the interlayer and at the upper and lower interfaces of the interlayer. The increase in the thickness and number of interlayers will lead to more water retention inside the interlayer and at the interlayer interface. The corresponding relative permeability equation is divided into three stages, which can effectively improve the simulation accuracy of layered soil water content profile.
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