膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分剖面空间变异特征

陈文岭; 彭诗雅; 刘延锋; 王建军

doi:10.19509j.cnki.dzkq.tb202602018

膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分剖面空间变异特征

doi: 10.19509j.cnki.dzkq.tb202602018

中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430078
湖北省地质局武汉水文地质工程地质大队，武汉 430078

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目“孔雀河绿洲水−土−植被过程的耦合机理及其对气候变化的响应”（42530516）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈文岭：E-mail：chenwenling@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
E-mail：cug_wangjianjun@163.com

中图分类号: S275.6；S562
计量
- 文章访问数: 89
- PDF下载量: 7
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-02-12
- 录用日期: 2026-06-16
- 修回日期: 2026-06-11
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-29

Spatial variability of soil salinity profiles in cotton fields under mulched drip irrigation

School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430078, China
Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Institute of Hubei Geological Bureau, Wuhan 430078, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：chenwenling@cug.edu.cn

Corresponding author: E-mail：cug_wangjianjun@163.com

摘要

摘要:
土壤盐渍化是影响干旱区农业生产的重要因素。新疆地处我国西北，属干旱−半干旱区，广泛采用膜下滴灌技术，土地盐渍化严重，且土壤盐分具有强空间变异性，故研究膜下滴灌土壤盐分空间变异特征对干旱区高效节水控盐有重要科学意义。以新疆建设兵团第八师炮台土壤改良试验站（简称“炮台试验站”）和新疆塔里木河流域巴音郭楞管理局水利科研所灌溉试验站（简称“巴州试验站”）棉田为研究对象，精细监测剖面土壤盐分，采用传统统计学与地统计学相结合方法，分析研究区剖面土壤盐分空间变异及分布特征。结果表明：剖面土壤电导率变异系数在0.54～0.67之间，表层土壤电导率变异性大，10～45 cm范围内变异性随深度增加而降低；3个剖面土壤电导率具有强烈的空间相关性，空间变异性主要由结构因素引起，随机因素所占比例为3.53%，5.03%和6.61%；剖面尺度土壤电导率特征表现为浅层土壤电导率低，中间局部土壤电导率较高，深层土壤电导率高。水平向滴管处、膜间和宽行较高，这与水流系统和土壤颗粒等因素均相关。炮台试验站棉田土壤盐分整体上比巴州试验站棉田高，土壤电导率值高于7.7 mS/cm，对棉花生长产生一定影响。研究结果可以为干旱区高效节水控盐措施和精准农业的实施提供科学依据。
- 膜下滴灌 /
- 土壤盐分 /
- 空间变异 /
- 克里金
Abstract:
Objective
Soil salinization is an important factor affecting agricultural production in arid regions. Soil salinity has strong spatial variability. Xinjiang, located in the northwest of China, lies in an arid to semi-arid region where mulched drip irrigation technology is widely adopted to save irrigation water. However, soil salinization in Xinjiang remains severe, and soil salinity exhibits strong spatial variability. Therefore, investigating the spatial variability characteristics of soil salinity under mulched drip irrigation is of great scientific significance for efficient water conservation and salinity control in the arid regions.
Methods
To study the spatial variability of soil salinity in cotton fields under mulched drip irrigation, cotton fields at the experimental fields are located at paotai soil improvement experimental station of the 8th division, xinjiang production and construction corps (abbreviated as "paotai experimental station") and irrigation experimental station of water conservancy research institute, bayingolin administration bureau of tarim river basin, xinjiang (abbreviated as "bazhou experimental station") were selected for study. Soil salinity profiles were monitored in detail, and a combination of traditional statistical and geostatistical methods was used to analyze the spatial variability and distribution characteristics of soil salinity profiles in the study area based on the soil water flow system in cotton fields under mulched drip irrigation.
Results
The results indicated that the coefficient of variation of soil electrical conductivity in the three profiles ranged from 0.54 to 0.67. The variability of topsoil electrical conductivity was largest, and the degree of spatial variability at depths of 10 to 45 cm decreased with increasing depth. Soil electrical conductivity had a strong spatial correlation in the three profiles. Spatial variability was mainly attributable to structural factors, and random factors accounted for 3.53%, 5.03%, and 6.61%, respectively. Soil electrical conductivity characteristics across the profiles exhibited low conductivity in shallow layers, locally high conductivity in intermediate zones, and high conductivity in deep layers. Horizontally, conductivity was lower near drip lines, while values between plastic mulch strips and in wide rows were higher, which correlated with factors such as soil water flow systems and particle composition. Overall, the soil salinity of the cotton field at the Paotai experimental station was higher than that at the Bazhou experimental station. The soil electrical conductivity was higher than 7.7 mS/cm, which had a negative effect on cotton growth.
Conclusion
The findings can provide a scientific basis for implementing efficient water conservation and salinity control measures and precision agriculture in arid regions.
- mulched drip irrigation /
- soil salinity /
- spatial variability /
- kriging

HTML全文

图 1 研究区棉田灌溉模式与采样点分布（A～G为土壤岩性分区，详见表1；下同）

Figure 1. Irrigation mode and sampling point distribution in cotton field at the study area

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图 2 土壤电导率值与易溶盐含量关系图

Figure 2. Relationship between soil electrical conductivity and soluble salt content

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图 3 土壤电导率与颗粒组成关系图

Figure 3. Relationship between soil electrical conductivity and soil particle composition

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图 4 不同剖面土壤电导率半方差函数模型拟合图转换前（A）后（B）土壤电导率频数直方图

Figure 4. Fitting plots of semivariogram models of soil electrical conductivity for different profiles

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图 5 转换前(A)后(B)土壤电导率频数直方图

Figure 5. Frequency histograms of soil electrical conductivity before (A) and after (B) transformation

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图 6 剖面土壤电导率（EC）等值线

Figure 6. Contours of soil electrical conductivity profiles

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表 1 不同岩性分区土壤颗粒组成

Table 1. Soil particle composition of different lithological zones

岩性分区	砂粒（2～ 0.02 mm)	粉粒（0.02～ 0.002 mm）	黏粒（<0.002 mm）	土壤质地
岩性分区	φ_B/%
A	28.04	56.58	15.38	粉砂质黏壤土
B	39.46	47.08	13.46	粉砂质壤土
C	15.52	62.96	21.52	粉砂质黏壤土
D	34.17	52.68	13.15	粉砂质壤土
E	21.04	58.24	20.72	粉砂质黏壤土
F	69.44	22.83	7.74	砂质壤土
G	34.13	46.4	19.47	黏壤土
H	76.17	20.04	3.79	砂质壤土
I	75.80	19.53	4.67	砂质壤土
J	64.23	28.56	7.21	砂质壤土
K	96.13	2.90	0.97	壤质砂土

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表 2 土壤电导率与颗粒组成Spearman相关系数

Table 2. Spearman correlation coefficients between soil electrical conductivity and soil particle composition

颗粒组成	砂粒	粉粒	粘粒
相关系数	−0.628**	0.577**	0.562**
注：**表示在α=0.01水平上显著

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表 3 不同深度土壤电导率剖面特征统计

Table 3. Statistical characteristics of soil electrical conductivity profiles at different depths

深度/cm	炮台试验站棉田有棉区（CP）				炮台试验站棉田无棉区（NCP）				巴州试验站棉田（CB）
	土壤电导率/(mS·cm⁻¹)			变异系数CV	土壤电导率/(mS·cm⁻¹)			变异系数CV	土壤电导率/(mS·cm⁻¹)			变异系数CV
	最小值	最大值	平均值	变异系数CV	最小值	最大值	平均值	变异系数CV	最小值	最大值	平均值	变异系数CV
0	0.14	12.34	2.71	1.23	0.38	9.87	4.56	0.73	0.10	1.54	0.57	0.79
10	0.39	4.80	2.26	0.59	0.88	12.11	3.41	0.86	0.19	1.87	0.61	0.79
20	0.95	5.36	3.29	0.33	1.18	5.49	3.11	0.31	0.37	0.68	0.47	0.17
30	2.47	10.88	7.39	0.28	1.06	10.87	5.64	0.43	0.22	0.58	0.41	0.27
35	2.87	11.96	8.85	0.23	1.18	9.96	6.23	0.33	0.15	0.68	0.46	0.30
40	2.83	13.25	9.57	0.25	1.16	9.43	5.67	0.47	0.33	0.99	0.52	0.38
45	3.00	14.52	9.18	0.25	1.40	8.33	5.19	0.34	0.70	1.07	0.80	0.14
50	2.70	13.32	8.10	0.30	1.46	12.30	5.64	0.51	0.27	0.80	0.50	0.44
60	7.50	13.92	11.45	0.16	0.53	10.40	3.55	0.88	0.41	0.76	0.60	0.17
70	1.27	17.67	10.44	0.52	0.84	7.53	2.65	0.66	0.63	1.01	0.85	0.12
80	6.89	17.33	13.86	0.18	2.78	17.04	8.04	0.38	0.40	0.89	0.72	0.17
90	10.73	19.05	15.52	0.13	2.80	17.41	8.88	0.40	0.08	0.34	0.24	0.38
100	10.37	20.50	15.97	0.15	0.91	18.30	4.53	1.17	0.02	0.36	0.09	0.36
110	5.22	19.18	12.45	0.29	0.92	14.10	3.95	0.84	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.24
0～110	0.14	20.50	9.36	0.54	0.38	18.30	5.08	0.67	0.01	1.87	0.49	0.64

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表 4 不同剖面土壤电导率半方差函数模型及参数

Table 4. Semivariogram models and parameters of soil electrical conductivity for different profiles

剖面类型	理论模型	C₀	C₀+C	a/cm	C₀/(C₀+C)/%	R²	RSS
炮台试验站棉田有棉区（CP）	球形模型	0.034	0.962	118.2	3.53	0.973	0.0343
炮台实验站棉田无棉区（NCP）	指数模型	0.074	1.469	57.0	5.03	0.958	0.0621
巴州试验站绵田（CB）	指数模型	0.015	0.227	109.2	6.61	0.941	2.48×10^-3
注：C₀. 块金值；C₀+C. 基台值；a. 变程；C₀/(C₀+C). 块金系数；R². 决定系数；RSS. 残差平方和

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