重磁小波多尺度分解对深部找矿勘查的指示意义：以鄂东南程潮铁矿为例

石文杰; 罗恒; 闵厚禄; 于炳飞; 梁万; 许杨; 郑先伟; 陈彦龙

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb202603005

重磁小波多尺度分解对深部找矿勘查的指示意义：以鄂东南程潮铁矿为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb202603005

石文杰^1,,
罗恒^{2, 3, ,},
闵厚禄⁴,
于炳飞^{2, 3},
梁万⁵,
许杨^{2, 3},
郑先伟⁵,
陈彦龙⁴

1.
中国地质大学（武汉）资源学院，武汉 430074
2.
中国冶金地质总局中南地质调查院，武汉 430081
3.
中国冶金地质总局矿产资源研究院，北京 101399
4.
武钢资源集团有限公司，武汉 430077
5.
武钢资源集团程潮矿业有限公司，湖北鄂州 436043

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC2903703）；武钢资源集团有限公司项目“程潮铁矿深部矿体定位技术与找矿模型研究”（NS230002d32229）

详细信息

作者简介:
石文杰：E-mail：swjhaoo@126.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：512094233@qq.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 70
- PDF下载量: 14
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-03-03
- 录用日期: 2026-04-09
- 修回日期: 2026-03-31
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-27

Indicative significance of gravity-magnetic wavelet multi-scale decomposition for deep mineral exploration: A case study of Chengchao iron deposit in southeastern Hubei Province

SHI Wenjie^1
,,
LUO Heng^{2, 3
, ,},
MIN Houlu⁴,
YU Bingfei^{2, 3},
LIANG Wan⁵,
XU Yang^{2, 3},
ZHENG Xianwei⁵,
CHEN Yanlong⁴

1.
School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Central South Geological Survey Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Wuhan 430081, China
3.
Institute of Mineral Resources Research, China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Beijing 101399, China
4.
WISCO Resources Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430077, China
5.
Chengchao Mining Co., Ltd., WISCO Resources Group Co., Ltd., Ezhou Hubei 436043, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：swjhaoo@126.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：512094233@qq.com

摘要

摘要:
目的
鄂东南是我国重要铁矿资源基地，程潮铁矿作为区内典型大型矽卡岩型铁矿，现有钻探工程已达标高−1300 m且矿体尚未完全圈闭，深部及外围找矿潜力突出。重磁勘探是磁铁矿勘查的高效手段，但传统位场分离算法参数依赖性强、弱异常提取效果有限，如何精准挖掘重磁异常中的深部矿化信息，是该区深部找矿亟待解决的问题。
方法
以程潮铁矿区及外围为研究区，基于 GMS 重磁勘探软件，选用 DB4 小波基开展重磁数据小波多尺度分解，结合功率谱法计算各阶细节异常对应的场源似深度；从平面、剖面两个维度，系统剖析不同深度磁、重力细节异常的强度、规模、正负异常组合及梯度变化特征，并结合钻探、大地电磁、物性测试等资料，建立异常与已知地质体、矿体的对应关系。
结果
研究表明，从重磁一阶至四阶细节异常，异常强度随场源似深度增大持续升高，四阶异常幅值达到峰值，对应场源似深度约1570 m；五阶细节异常强度略有衰减，但异常分布规模进一步扩大。目前矿区工程控制的磁铁矿体主要赋存于一至三阶细节异常对应的浅−中部深度区间，四阶强异常对应深度暂无工程揭露，反映矿区深部存在显著的高磁性、高密度地质体响应。
结论
小波多尺度分解技术可有效剥离不同深度的重磁局部异常，实现多维度精细解析。深部验证钻孔及测井资料已在1600 m以深位置揭露工业磁铁矿体，刷新矿区最大见矿深度，证实该方法能够有效指导老矿山深边部隐伏矿体探测、地质组构解译，可为同类矽卡岩型铁矿区深部找矿工作提供可靠的技术参考。
- 程潮铁矿 /
- 小波多尺度分析 /
- 细节异常 /
- 重磁异常 /
- 功率谱分析
Abstract:
Objective
As a key iron ore base in China, southeastern Hubei Province hosts numerous large and medium-sized skarn-type iron deposits. The Chengchao iron deposit, one of the most representative large skarn-type iron mines in this region, has been explored intensively by drilling projects. The deepest existing engineering control has reached an elevation of −1300 m, and the ore body has not been fully delineated, indicating great exploration potential in its deep and peripheral areas. High-grade iron ore is a strategic mineral resource in China, and gravity and magnetic prospecting have become efficient geophysical techniques for magnetite exploration. Nevertheless, traditional potential field separation methods are highly dependent on manual parameter selection and have limited capability in extracting weak deep-seated anomaly signals. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an effective technical means to accurately identify deep mineralization information from gravity-magnetic anomaly data for deep mineral exploration in the study area.
Methods
This study took the Chengchao iron deposit area and its surroundings as the research object. Based on the GMS gravity-magnetic exploration software, the DB4 wavelet basis was adopted to conduct wavelet multi-scale decomposition on collected gravity and magnetic data. The power spectrum analysis method was further applied to quantitatively calculate the apparent source depths corresponding to each order of wavelet detail anomalies. From planar and profile perspectives, this study systematically analyzed the intensity, scale, positive-negative anomaly combination, and gradient characteristics of magnetic and gravity detail anomalies at different depths. Combined with physical property test data, drilling records, and magnetotelluric sounding results, this study established the spatial correlation between geophysical anomalies and known geological bodies as well as iron ore bodies.
Results
The research results showed that the intensity of the first- to fourth-order wavelet detail anomalies increased continuously with the growth of apparent source depth, and the fourth-order anomalies reached the maximum amplitude with a corresponding apparent source depth of approximately 1570 m. Although the intensity of the fifth-order detail anomalies decreased slightly, their distribution range expanded significantly. At present, the magnetite ore bodies controlled by existing engineering works are mainly distributed in the shallow and middle zones corresponding to the first- to third-order detail anomalies. The strong fourth-order anomalies, however, have not been verified by deep drilling, indicating significant geophysical responses of high-density and high-magnetic geological bodies in the deep part of the mining area.
Conclusion
This study verifies that wavelet multi-scale decomposition can effectively separate local gravity-magnetic anomalies at different depths and realize multi-dimensional refined interpretation. A deep verification borehole and logging data have uncovered industrial magnetite ore at depths below 1600 m, setting a new record of the deepest ore occurrence in the mining area. The proposed integrated technical workflow proves reliable for detecting concealed ore bodies and interpreting deep geological structures in old mines. It can also provide a solid technical reference for deep exploration of similar skarn-type iron deposits worldwide.
- Chengchao iron deposit /
- wavelet multi-scale analysis /
- detail anomaly /
- gravity-magnetic anomaly /
- power spectrum analysis

HTML全文

图 1 研究区地质简图

Figure 1. Geological sketch map of study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 程潮铁矿床勘探线剖面图（据文献[48]改）

Figure 2. Profile of exploration line of Chengchao iron deposit

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 鄂城地区航磁化极(a)与布格剩余重力(b)等值线图

Figure 3. Contour maps of reduced-to-pole aeromagnetic anomaly (a) and Bouguer gravity residual (b) in Echeng area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 重磁异常小波多尺度分解结果多维度解析及评价流程

D₁，D₂，..... ，D_N为第 1～N阶小波细节分量，N为小波分解的最大分解层数

Figure 4. Multi-dimensional analysis and evaluation workflow for wavelet multiscale decomposition results of gravity-magnetic anomalies

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 鄂城−铁山地区航磁化极异常小波多尺度分解结果的对数功率谱分析（h为深度；P为频率；下同）

Figure 5. Logarithmic power spectrum analysis of wavelet multiscale decomposition results of reduced-to-pole aeromagnetic anomalies in Echeng-Tieshan area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 鄂城−铁山地区航磁化极异常小波多尺度分解结果

Figure 6. Wavelet multiscale decomposition results of reduced-to-pole aeromagnetic anomalies in Echeng-Tieshan area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 鄂城−铁山地区布格剩余重力异常小波多尺度分解结果的对数功率谱分析

Figure 7. Logarithmic power spectrum analysis of wavelet multiscale decomposition results of Bouguer residual gravity anomalies in Echeng-Tieshan area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 鄂城−铁山地区布格剩余重力异常小波多尺度分解结果

Figure 8. Wavelet multiscale decomposition results of Bouguer residual gravity anomalies in Echeng-Tieshan area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 程潮铁矿区201线大地电磁法二维反演电阻率ρ剖面图（剖面测线201线位置见图1，下同）

Figure 9. 2D inversion resistivity profile of Chengchao iron deposit area along line 201 using magnetotelluric method

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 程潮铁矿区201线不同似深度小波细节磁异常拟断面图

Figure 10. Profile of wavelet-detail magnetic anomalies at different apparent depths along line 201 in Chengchao iron deposit area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 程潮铁矿区201线不同似深度小波细节重力异常拟断面图

Figure 11. Profile of wavelet-detail gravity anomalies at different apparent depths along line 201 in Chengchao iron deposit area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 程潮铁矿区201线铁矿带倾向延深工程验证图

ΔH为磁异常水平分量；ΔZ为磁异常垂直分量

Figure 12. Engineering verification map of dip extension of iron deposit zone along line 201 in Chengchao iron deposit area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 鄂城岩矿石物性参数统计

Table 1. Statistics of rock physical properties in Echeng area

主要岩性	密度/(g·cm⁻³)	磁化率 K/(10⁻⁵)	剩余磁化强度 J_r/(10⁻³A·m⁻¹)
磁铁矿	3.72～4.11	9007～175180	5600～100000
含铜磁铁矿	4.09～4.65
赤铁矿		318～6336	318～3900
褐铁矿		159	50
黄铁矿
黑云母辉石闪长岩	2.83
蚀变闪长岩	2.81
石英闪长岩	2.62	4058
石英正长闪长岩	2.62
花岗闪长岩	2.58
闪长岩	2.51～2.72	3342～7799	100～600
花岗岩	2.58～2.63	弱磁～3183	弱磁～3300
花岗斑岩	2.64	1592～4775
大理岩	2.72～2.75	0～55
三叠系嘉陵江组灰岩	2.73	0～55
三叠系蒲圻组砂页岩	2.42～2.73	0～55
三叠系蒲圻组角页岩	2.65～2.71	1751～2706	260～380
侏罗系长石石英砂岩	2.55	0～55
侏罗系砂岩、砾岩	2.52～2.54	0～55
注：部分数据来源于杨龙彬等^[4]

下载: 导出CSV

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