准南吉木萨尔地区本源菌群产气潜力及其代谢机理

徐帆; 王刚; 李跃国; 杨曙光; 严德天; 王一兵; 苏现波; 来鹏; 王博; 伏海蛟

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250382

准南吉木萨尔地区本源菌群产气潜力及其代谢机理

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250382

徐帆^1,,
王刚^{1, 2},
李跃国¹,
杨曙光²,
严德天¹,
王一兵³,
苏现波^{1, 4},
来鹏³,
王博³,
伏海蛟^1, ,

中国地质大学（武汉）资源学院，武汉 430074
新疆维吾尔自治区地质研究院，乌鲁木齐 830000
新疆亚新煤层气投资开发（集团）有限责任公司，乌鲁木齐 830000
河南理工大学资源环境学院，河南焦作 454000

基金项目: 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目（2022D01A291）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（42172192）；新疆维吾尔自治区科技创新领军人才项目（2023TSYCLJ0005）；新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项（2023A01004-2）；新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目（2024B01017-3）

详细信息

作者简介:
徐帆：E-mail：1041992471@qq.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：fuhj@cug.edu.cn

计量
- 文章访问数: 264
- PDF下载量: 15
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-08-20
- 录用日期: 2025-11-09
- 修回日期: 2025-10-20
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-18

Microbial gas generation potential and metabolic mechanism of in situ microorganisms in Jimsar area of southern Junggar Basin

XU Fan^1
,,
WANG Gang^{1, 2},
LI Yueguo¹,
YANG Shuguang²,
YAN Detian¹,
WANG Yibing³,
SU Xianbo^{1, 4},
LAI Peng³,
WANG Bo³,
FU Haijiao^{1
, ,}

School of Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
Geological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, China
Xinjiang Yaxin Coalbed Methane Investment and Development (Group) Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830000, China
School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454000, China

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Author Bio:
E-mail：1041992471@qq.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：fuhj@cug.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
准噶尔盆地南缘吉木萨尔地区中低阶煤煤层气资源丰富，表现出明显的生物成因气特征。但截止目前，吉木萨尔地区是否存在生物成因气的活跃补给并不明确，制约了该区煤层气资源潜力评价与下一步勘探部署。以吉木萨尔地区煤层气开发井产出水样与相邻煤层气参数井煤样为研究对象，以实际煤储层介质环境为约束条件，构建了近似原位条件下厌氧发酵产气模拟装置，基于不同阶段的产气特征、煤样孔容孔径变化、微生物群落结构演化及基因功能特征的对比分析，探讨了吉木萨尔地区本源菌群产气潜力与代谢机理。结果显示，吉木萨尔地区本源菌群在现今条件下具有产生生物气的潜力，实验中CH₄累计产气量为9.49×10⁻² mL/g。由宏基因组测序可知，吉木萨尔地区本源菌群中水解菌的丰度高，典型的产酸菌和产氢产乙酸菌相对较少，产甲烷古菌主要为Methanosarcina。但是，系统中多数的水解菌可直接将煤中大分子降解为乙酸、氢气和二氧化碳等可供产甲烷菌利用的底物。研究表明，厌氧发酵初期，Aliarcobacter快速繁殖并抑制Pseudomonas等水解菌，碳水化合物代谢等基因功能丰度降低，水解过程受限，无法为产甲烷菌提供足够的底物，产甲烷菌Methanosarcina的丰度降低，阶段产甲烷量减少；随后Aliarcobacter丰度降低，水解菌代谢活动重新活跃，碳水化合物代谢等基因功能丰度升高，系统内可供产甲烷菌利用的底物富集，产甲烷菌Methanosarcina的丰度升高，阶段产甲烷量也同步升高。研究成果可为中低阶煤层气资源评价、勘探方案制定、煤层气生物工程的顺利实施提供理论依据。
- 本源菌群 /
- 煤层气 /
- 厌氧发酵 /
- 代谢机理 /
- 近似原位条件 /
- 吉木萨尔 /
- 准噶尔盆地
Abstract:
Objective
The Jimsar area in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin is rich in low- to medium-rank coalbed methane (CBM) resources, showing distinct characteristics of microbial gas. To date, it remains unclear whether there is an active supply of microbial gas in the Jimsar area, which restricts the evaluation of CBM resource potential and the subsequent exploration deployment in this area.
Methods
In this study, the water samples of CBM development wells and the coal samples of adjacent CBM parameter wells in the Jimsar area were taken as the main research objects, and the actual coal reservoir medium environment was taken as the constraint condition. An anaerobic fermentation gas production simulation device under near in situ conditions was constructed. Based on the comparative analysis of gas production characteristics, changes in pore volume and pore size of coal samples, microbial community structure evolution, and microbial gene function characteristics at different stages, the gas production potential and metabolic mechanism of in situ microorganisms in the Jimsar area were investigated.
Results
The results showed that the in situ microorganisms in the Jimsar area had the potential to produce microbial gas under the current conditions, and the cumulative gas production of CH₄ in the experiment was 9.49 × 10⁻² mL/g. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that there were many types and high abundances of hydrolytic bacteria in the in situ microorganisms of the Jimsar area. The typical acidogenic fermentation bacteria and hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria were relatively scarce, and the methanogenic archaea were mainly Methanosarcina. Although there were relatively few acidogenic fermentation bacteria and hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria, most of the hydrolytic bacteria could directly degrade the macromolecules in coal into short-chain fatty acids, acetic acid, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, which could provide sufficient substrates for methanogenic archaea.
Conclusion
In the early stage of anaerobic fermentation, Aliarcobacter rapidly proliferates and inhibits hydrolytic bacteria such as Pseudomonas. The abundance of gene functions such as carbohydrate metabolism decreases, and the hydrolysis process is limited, which cannot provide sufficient substrates for methanogens. The abundance of the methanogen Methanosarcina decreases, and the amount of methane produced in the stage decreases. Subsequently, the reduction in Aliarcobacter abundance is followed by the reactivation of hydrolytic bacteria and an enhancement in the functional potential for carbohydrate metabolism and xenobiotics biodegradation. This leads to the enrichment of substrates available for methanogens, which results in an increased abundance of Methanosarcina and a concurrent rise in methane production. The findings can provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of low- to medium-rank CBM resources, the formulation of exploration plans, and the smooth implementation of coalbed gas bioengineering.
- in situ microorganisms /
- coalbed methane /
- anaerobic fermentation /
- metabolic mechanism /
- near in situ condition /
- Jimsar /
- Junggar Basin

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图 1 研究区地质背景与采样位置

Figure 1. Geological background and sampling locations of the study area

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图 2 近似原位条件下厌氧发酵产期模拟实验装置

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of experimental setup for simulation of anaerobic fermentation gas production under near in situ conditions

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图 3 近似原位条件下厌氧发酵系统中甲烷和二氧化碳阶段产量变化趋势(a)及累计产量 (b)

Figure 3. Stage gas production (a) and cumulative gas production (b) of CH₄ and CO₂ in anaerobic fermentation system under near in situ conditions

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图 4 近似原位条件下厌氧发酵系统中基于属水平的微生物群落结构特征柱状图

Figure 4. Bar chart of microbial community structure at genus level in anaerobic fermentation systems under near in situ conditions

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图 5 水解菌、Aliarcobacter及Arcobacter的相对丰度变化

Figure 5. Plot of changes in relative abundance of hydrolytic bacteria, Aliarcobacter, and Arcobacter

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图 6 宏基因组测序预测基因的KEGG代谢通路分类

KEGG. 京都基因与基因组百科全书；下同

Figure 6. Classification of KEGG metabolic pathways for genes predicted by metagenomic sequencing

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图 7 KEGG功能柱状图

Figure 7. Bar chart of KEGG functions

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表 1 近似原位条件下厌氧发酵系统中甲烷和二氧化碳的阶段产气量和累计产气量

Table 1. Stage and cumulative gas production of CH₄ and CO₂ in anaerobic fermentation systems under near in situ conditions

气体组分	阶段产量/(10⁻² mL·g⁻¹)					累计产量/(10⁻² mL·g⁻¹)
气体组分	第3 d	第6 d	第9 d	第12 d	第15 d	累计产量/(10⁻² mL·g⁻¹)
CH₄	4.90	1.53	0.67	0.52	1.87	9.49
CO₂	61.95	36.23	39.86	36.08	43.35	217.47

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表 2 降解前后煤样孔容孔径特征

Table 2. Characteristics of pore volume and pore size of coal samples before and after degradation

样品	孔体积/ (10⁻⁴ mL·g⁻¹)			体积分数/%			总孔体积/(10⁻⁴ mL·g⁻¹)	平均孔径/nm
样品	微孔	介孔	大孔	微孔	介孔	大孔	总孔体积/(10⁻⁴ mL·g⁻¹)	平均孔径/nm
降解前煤样	97.81	601.67	29.48	13.42	82.54	4.04	728.95	198.34
降解后煤样	154.75	650.35	41.22	18.29	76.84	4.87	846.32	195.67

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表 3 水解菌、Aliarcobacter及Arcobacter各阶段相对丰度

Table 3. Relative abundance of hydrolytic bacteria, Aliarcobacter, and Arcobacter at different stages

菌群名称	相对丰度/%
菌群名称	P1样品	P2样品	P3样品	P4样品	P5样品
Aliarcobacter	32.59	31.48	45.30	6.16	1.81
Arcobacter	0.79	0.76	1.11	0.17	0.08
Pseudomonas	19.75	10.78	4.38	18.68	1.77
Bacteroidota	0.81	1.51	4.44	4.99	10.08
Hydrogenophaga	0.10	0.78	0.43	6.46	1.11
Bacteroidales	1.59	2.58	1.91	0.88	1.59
Lentimicrobium	0.70	2.14	1.54	0.44	0.63
Synergistaceae	0.56	1.13	1.47	0.96	1.31
Erysipelotrichia	0.91	2.54	1.59	0.17	0.09
Proteiniclasticum	1.78	1.76	0.92	0.23	0.24

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