温压变化下CO<sub>2</sub>−水−油−石英体系接触角的演变规律

陈爽; 郭会荣; 田华

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250302

温压变化下CO₂−水−油−石英体系接触角的演变规律

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250302

陈爽^1,,
郭会荣¹,
田华^2, ,

中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430074
中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探开发研究院，北京 100083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（42177077）；中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目（2021DJ0104）；新疆自治区重点研发专项（2024B03002）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈爽：E-mail：2282492248@qq.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：tianhua86@petrochina.com.cn

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- 文章访问数: 227
- PDF下载量: 17
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-06-30
- 录用日期: 2025-10-13
- 修回日期: 2025-08-03
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-22

Evolutionary patterns of contact angle in CO₂-water-oil-quartz system under temperature and pressure variations

CHEN Shuang^1
,,
GUO Huirong¹,
TIAN Hua^{2
, ,}

School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：2282492248@qq.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：tianhua86@petrochina.com.cn

摘要

摘要:
CO₂驱提高石油采收率技术（CO₂-enhanced oil recovery，简称CO₂-EOR）是兼顾增产与碳封存的关键技术，但深层高温高压砂岩储层中 CO₂−水−油−岩石多相界面演化机制尚不明确，现有研究对温压协同、不同气相（CO₂/N₂）作用下润湿性变化规律缺乏系统对比，制约现场驱替参数优化。搭建高温高压可视化石英毛细管测试装置，以十六烷模拟地层原油，设置多梯度温度（25～200℃）、压力（5～30 MPa）工况，分别测定 CO₂−水、水−十六烷两相及CO₂/N₂参与的三相体系接触角，结合界面张力、流体黏度演化规律分析润湿性调控机理。结果表明CO₂−水接触角随温压小幅上升，水−十六烷接触角随升温显著降低、受压力影响微弱；气相组分可改变油水界面张力实现润湿性改造，CO₂溶解降低原油粘度的调控作用强于 N₂；温度 120～150℃是石英润湿性转变临界区间，超过该温度石英完全由油润湿转为水润湿；升温降低原油黏度、提升油相渗流能力，压力对流体物性影响有限。高温更利于石英储层亲水转化，合理调控驱替温度可显著改善 CO₂驱开采效果。本研究通过毛细管微观多相试验揭示温压与气相类型对界面接触角的耦合影响，可为深层石英砂岩油藏 CO₂-EOR 温压制度优化提供试验支撑。
- 多相接触角 /
- CO₂-EOR /
- 石英储层 /
- 多相流 /
- 润湿性调控 /
- 流体黏度
Abstract:
Objective
CO₂-enhanced oil recovery (CO₂-EOR) serves as a vital technology that simultaneously realizes crude oil production increase and geological carbon sequestration. However, existing research lacks systematic comparative investigations on wettability evolution under coupled temperature-pressure conditions and different gas phases (CO₂, N₂) in deep high-temperature high-pressure sandstone reservoirs, and the interfacial evolution mechanism of the CO₂-water-oil-quartz multiphase system remains unclear, which restricts the optimization of field injection-production parameters for CO₂ flooding. This study carries out microscopic experimental research to clarify the coupling mechanism of contact angle and wettability controlled by temperature, pressure, and gas composition.
Methods
A high-temperature high-pressure visual quartz capillary experimental setup was constructed, with n-hexadecane adopted to simulate formation crude oil. Continuous temperature gradients ranging from 25℃ to 200℃ and pressure gradients from 5 MPa to 30 MPa were set up for testing. Contact angles of two-phase CO₂-water, water-hexadecane systems, and three-phase systems filled with CO₂ or N₂ were measured separately. Combined with the variation patterns of interfacial tension and fluid viscosity, the internal control mechanism of gas composition on reservoir wettability was analyzed quantitatively.
Results
The test results indicated that the CO₂-water contact angle increased slightly with the growth of temperature and pressure, while the water-hexadecane contact angle decreased remarkably with temperature rise and showed weak response to pressure variation. Gas injection could adjust oil-water interfacial tension to alter reservoir wettability, and CO₂ exerted a stronger viscosity-reducing effect on crude oil than N₂. The critical temperature range for complete wettability transition of quartz mineral was 120-150℃. Above this threshold, the quartz surface completely transformed from oil-wet to water-wet. Heating could effectively reduce crude viscosity and enhance the seepage capacity of oil phase, while pressure had a limited effect on the physical properties of oil and water fluids.
Conclusion
Higher temperature facilitates the hydrophilic transformation of quartz matrix in sandstone reservoirs. Reasonable regulation of flooding temperature can greatly improve the recovery efficiency of CO₂-EOR. This study innovatively conducts comparative micro-capillary experiments with CO₂ and N₂ as contrasting gas phases, and reveals the coupled controlling effect of temperature, pressure, and gas species on multiphase contact angle. The experimental conclusions can provide a reliable basis for optimizing temperature-pressure operation schemes for CO₂ flooding in deep quartz sandstone oil reservoirs.
- multiphase contact angle /
- CO₂-EOR /
- quartz reservoir /
- multiphase flow /
- wettability regulation /
- fluid viscosity

HTML全文

图 1 实验装置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of experimental setup

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图 2 气−水−油界面接触角示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of contact angle of gas-water-oil interface

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图 3 石英毛细管内水−十六烷接触角变化图

Figure 3. Contact angle variation of water-hexadecane in quartz capillary

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图 4 毛细管内CO₂−水−十六烷−石英接触角随温度(a)、压力(b)变化

Figure 4. Variation of CO₂-water-hexadecane-quartz contact angle with temperature (a) and pressure (b) in capillary

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图 5 CO₂−水−石英、水−十六烷−石英、CO₂/N₂−水−十六烷−石英接触角随温度(a)、压力(b)变化

Figure 5. Variation of contact angles of CO₂-H₂O-silica, H₂O-C₁₆H₃₄-silica, and CO₂/N₂-H₂O-C₁₆H₃₄-silica with temperature (a) and pressure (b)

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表 1 试剂与器材

Table 1. Reagents and equipment

试剂/材料	纯度/规格	来源
二氧化碳（CO₂）	99.99%	武汉明辉气体有限公司
正十六烷（C₁₆H₃₄）	99%	翁江化学试剂有限公司
去离子水	99.99%	武汉优普仪器设备有限公司
氢氧化钾溶液（KOH）	0.1mol/L	广东蒙科化学科技有限公司
毛细管	TSP300665， TSP075200	美国PolymicroTenchnologies公司
阀门	HIP 15-14AFI， HIP 60-14AF2	美国HIP公司
高压管线	1/16英寸	南通华兴石油仪器有限公司
冷热台	Linkam CAP500	英国Linkam公司
压力传感器	Setra 204D	美国Omega公司
真空干燥箱	DZF-6050	上海一恒科学仪器有限公司

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表 2 石英毛细管内接触角随温度变化数据

Table 2. Data of contact angle variation with temperature in quartz capillary

温度/(℃)	5 MPa		10 MPa		30 MPa
温度/(℃)	气−液接触角/(°)	液−液接触角/(°)	气−液接触角/(°)	液−液接触角/(°)	气−液接触角/(°)	液−液接触角/(°)
25	6.14	70.49	11.58	117.04	27.04	146.18
35	5.87	42.40	11.32	112.66	52.11	139.78
50	7.07	35.20	10.30	117.31	50.11	130.97
75	8.05	26.16	10.04	105.69	56.16	133.47
100	8.05	21.16	10.80	98.88	54.13	114.76
120	8.05	19.10	10.80	24.56	46.85	115.45
140	8.06	16.80	10.05	24.87	33.80	103.96
160	9.79	15.16	11.57	23.45	34.14	59.59
180	11.59	14.99	12.36	17.45	32.33	39.21
200	11.57	14.09	12.88	20.11	35.02	12.94

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表 3 石英毛细管内接触角随压力变化数据

Table 3. Data of contact angle variation with pressure in quartz capillary

压力/MPa	25℃		100℃		160℃
压力/MPa	气−液接触角/(°)	液−液接触角/(°)	气−液接触角/(°)	液−液接触角/(°)	气−液接触角/(°)	液−液接触角/(°)
5	9.28	141.21	12.01	135.11	11.95	30.96
7	8.05	129.22	12.47	138.99	11.80	31.97
10	9.79	133.98	14.69	124.40	12.10	27.44
12	9.79	134.48	15.33	130.11	12.11	19.79
15	10.04	140.50	15.99	127.54	12.27	13.19
20	12.37	140.97	29.10	125.98	13.98	11.34
25	13.57	136.44	18.01	127.78	12.72	9.86
30	45.43	136.19	42.16	132.62	13.35	9.30

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表 4 石英毛细管内接触角随温度变化（实验压力：10 MPa）

Table 4. Data of contact angle variation with temperature in quartz capillary

温度/(℃)	气液接触角①/(°)	液液接触角②/(°)	气液接触角③/(°)	液液接触角④/(°)
25	15.51	90.00	17.08	127.96
35	20.61	37.33	17.08	112.62
50	24.20	33.11	14.83	79.62
75	19.45	22.85	12.65	73.61
100	18.68	16.52	7.47	67.29
120	18.31	15.70	8.47	56.29
140	11.60	10.83	9.49	50.47
160	13.35	11.02	14.83	42.91
180	11.60	8.75	20.58	22.90
200	13.35	7.82	10.75	10.31

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表 5 石英毛细管内接触角随压力变化（实验温度：100℃）

Table 5. Data of contact angle variation with pressure in quartz capillary

压力/MPa	气−液接触角①/(°)	液−液接触角②/(°)	气−液接触角③/(°)	液−液接触角④/(°)
2	11.18	30.76	11.58	26.11
5	13.08	35.94	11.58	42.30
7	14.18	33.72	10.53	53.24
10	13.01	35.25	12.65	64.04
12	12.66	37.09	15.95	73.66
15	12.83	37.79	15.95	81.37
20	12.13	39.42	15.95	86.10
30	13.89	41.56	17.08	88.97

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