川东南二叠系吴家坪组深层页岩气生排滞潜力评价

王惠君; 杨锐; 舒志国; 邓模; 刘计勇; 何涛华

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250224

川东南二叠系吴家坪组深层页岩气生排滞潜力评价

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250224

王惠君^{1, 2,},
杨锐²,
舒志国¹,
邓模³,
刘计勇¹,
何涛华^{1, 4}

1 .
中国石化江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院，武汉 433124
2 .
中国地质大学（武汉）构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室，武汉 430074
3 .
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所，江苏无锡 214126
4 .
长江大学油气地球化学与环境湖北省重点实验，武汉，430100

基金项目: 中国博士后基金面上项目（2024M753623），中国石化重大科技攻关项目《红星及周缘地区二叠系天然气富集规律及预测技术研究任务书》（P24050），中国石化重大科技攻关项目《四川盆地及周缘资源评价》（P23221），页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室开放基金（33550000-24-ZC0699-0059）.

详细信息

作者简介:
王惠君：E-mail：18062704718@163.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 3
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-15
- 录用日期: 2025-06-11
- 修回日期: 2025-06-05
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-15

Quantitative evaluation of hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, and retention potential in deep Permian Wuchiaping shale gas reservoir, southeastern Sichuan Basin

WANG Huijun^{1, 2
,},
YANG Rui²,
SHU Zhiguo¹,
DENG Mo³,
LIU Jiyong¹,
HE Taohua^{1, 4}

1 .
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Sinopec Jianghan Oilfield Company, Wuhan 433124, China
2 .
Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
3 .
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology of SINOPEC, Wuxi Jiangsu 214126, China
4 .
Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China

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Author Bio:
E-mail：18062704718@163.com

摘要

摘要:
高-过成熟页岩气藏生排滞烃强度的定量表征是深层资源评价的关键科学问题。四川盆地东南部红星地区二叠系吴家坪组二段页岩气藏（探明储量>10¹¹ m³）具有薄层分布、强非均质性及多期构造改造等复杂地质特征，导致传统静态资源评价方法难以精确刻画其烃类生成-排出-滞留的时空演化规律。本研究构建热模拟实验、生烃潜力法与生烃动力学法相互验证的多维评价体系，系统重构了吴二段页岩气藏从成烃到保存的全过程演化模式，实现了资源潜力的定量表征与空间预测。半封闭体系热模拟结果表明，研究样品总烃产烃率达456 mg/g，其中总气产率为349.68 mg/g（占比76.7%），总油产率为106.59 mg/g（占比23.3%）；油相产物主要以排出为主（103.35 mg/g），滞留量较低（3.24 mg/g）。生烃潜力法评价显示，吴二段页岩在键质体反射率R_o=0.5%和0.8%分别进入生烃和排烃门限，原始生烃潜力指数高达550 mg/g，川东红星区及周缘地区现今生烃、排烃与滞留烃强度最高值分别达90×10⁸、68×10⁸和28×10⁸ m³/km²，三者中心呈高度空间耦合，主要集中于万州−红星−恩施3个关键区域。生烃动力学模拟进一步揭示，研究区生气强度峰值可达50×10⁸ m³/km²，滞留气强度最高为16×10⁸ m³/km²。通过综合埋深、构造稳定性及封闭性等关键保存条件因素分析，定量确定了现今残余气强度分布格局，证实红星-万州地区为最优勘探靶区。本研究不仅阐明了四川盆地二叠系页岩气藏生排滞烃的时空演化规律，也为深层-超深层页岩气精细勘探提供了理论依据和实践指导。
- 四川盆地 /
- 二叠系 /
- 红星地区 /
- 页岩气 /
- 生烃强度 /
- 排烃强度 /
- 滞留烃强度
Abstract: Objective
Quantitative characterization of hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, and retention intensity in high to over-mature shale gas reservoirs represents a critical scientific challenge for deep resource evaluation. The Permian Wuchiaping Formation (Wu Second Member) shale gas reservoir in the Hongxing area, southeastern Sichuan Basin (with proven reserves exceeding 10¹¹ m³), presents complex geological characteristics including thin-layer distribution, strong heterogeneity, and multi-stage tectonic modification, making it difficult to precisely characterize the spatiotemporal evolution of hydrocarbon generation-expulsion-retention processes using traditional evaluation methods.
Methods
This study established a multi-dimensional evaluation system integrating thermal simulation experiments, hydrocarbon potential methods, and generation kinetic modeling with mutual verification to systematically reconstruct the complete evolutionary model of the Wu Second Member shale gas reservoir from hydrocarbon generation to preservation, enabling quantitative characterization and spatial prediction of resource potential.
Results
Thermal simulation results indicate that the total hydrocarbon generation rate of the studied samples reached 456 mg/g TOC, including total gas generation of 349.68 mg/g TOC (76.7%) and total oil generation of 106.59 mg/g TOC (23.3%); oil-phase products were primarily expelled (103.35 mg/g TOC) with minimal retention (3.24 mg/g TOC). Hydrocarbon potential evaluation revealed that Wu Second Member shale entered the hydrocarbon generation threshold at Ro=0.5% and the expulsion threshold at Ro=0.8%, with an original hydrocarbon generation potential index reaching 550 mg/g. The present-day generation, expulsion, and retention intensities in the Hongxing area and surrounding regions reached maximum values of 90×10⁸ m³/km², 68×10⁸ m³/km², and 28×10⁸ m³/km², respectively, with high spatial coupling of their centers primarily concentrated in three key areas: Wanzhou-Hongxing-Enshi. Hydrocarbon generation kinetic modeling further revealed that the peak gas generation intensity in the study area could reach 50×10⁸ m³/km², with maximum gas retention intensity of 16×10⁸ m³/km². Through comprehensive analysis of key preservation factors including burial depth, structural stability, and sealing capacity, the present-day residual gas intensity distribution pattern was quantitatively determined, confirming the Hongxing-Wanzhou region as the optimal exploration target area.
Conclusion
This study not only elucidates the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, and retention in the Permian shale gas reservoir of the Sichuan Basin but also provides theoretical foundation and practical guidance for refined exploration of deep to ultra-deep shale gas reservoirs.
- Sichuan Basin /
- Permian /
- Hongxing area /
- shale gas /
- generation intensity /
- expulsion intensity /
- retention intensity

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图 1 （a）四川盆地东南部红星地区的地理位置；（b）二叠系综合柱状图^[7]

Figure 1. (a) Geographic location of the Hongxing area in southeastern Sichuan Basin; (b) Comprehensive stratigraphic column of the Permian System^[7]

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图 2 四川盆地东南部红星地区及周缘吴二段页岩厚度图（a）；w（TOC）平面分布图（b）和成熟度平面分布图（c）

Figure 2. (a) Thickness map of Wu Second Member Shale in the Hongxing area and its periphery, southeastern Sichuan Basin; (b) Planar distribution of TOC; (c) Planar distribution of thermal maturity

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图 3 半封闭体系热模拟实验产烃率变化（a）和半封闭热模拟实验油产率变化（b）

Figure 3. (a) Hydrocarbon generation rate variations in semi-closed system thermal simulation experiments; (b) Oil generation rate variations in semi-closed thermal simulation experiments

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图 4 半封闭体系热模拟实验w（TOC）变化（a）和半封闭热模拟实验S₁-S₂（b）

Figure 4. (a) TOC variations in semi-closed system thermal simulation experiments; (b) S₁-S₂ parameters in semi-closed thermal simulation experiments

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图 5 红星地区HY1井埋藏-热演化史（a）；活化能和频率因子（b）；产烃率演化史（c）和转化率演化史（d）

Figure 5. (a) Burial and thermal evolution history of well HY1 in the Hongxing area; (b) Activation energy and frequency factor in the Hongxing area; (c) Evolution history of hydrocarbon generation rate in the Hongxing area; (d) Evolution history of conversion rate in the Hongxing area

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图 6 红星地区及周缘三叠纪末期（a）；侏罗纪末期（b）和现今（c）生气强度平面图

Figure 6. (a) Planar distribution of gas generation intensity in the Hongxing area and its periphery at the end of Triassic; (b) Planar distribution of gas generation intensity at the end of Jurassic; (c) Present planar distribution of gas generation intensity

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图 7 （a）滞留气占总生气量的比例；（b）红星地区及周缘页岩滞留气强度平面图；（c）埋深对气体保存条件的影响；（d）残余气强度平面图

Figure 7. (a) Ratio of retained gas to total gas generation; (b) Planar distribution of gas retention intensity of the Hongxing area and its periphery; (c) Effect of burial depth on gas preservation conditions; (d) Planar distribution of residual gas intensity

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图 8 红星地区吴二段页岩生排烃模式^[19]（a）；排烃率（b）以及排烃效率（c）

Figure 8. (a) Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model of Wu Second Member shale in the Hongxing area^[19]; (b) Hydrocarbon expulsion rate of Wu Second Member shale; (c) Hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of Wu Second Member shale

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图 9 红星地区吴二段烃源岩三叠纪末期（a）、侏罗纪末期（b）和现今（c）生烃强度平面图，侏罗纪末期（d）和现今（e）排烃强度平面图以及现今滞留烃强度平面图（f）

Figure 9. (a) Planar distribution of hydrocarbon generation intensity of Member 2 source rock in the Hongxing area at the end of Triassic; (b) Planar distribution of hydrocarbon generation intensity at the end of Jurassic; (c) Present planar distribution of hydrocarbon generation intensity; (d) Planar distribution of hydrocarbon expulsion intensity at the end of Jurassic; (e) Present planar distribution of hydrocarbon expulsion intensity; (f) Present planar distribution of hydrocarbon retention intensity.

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表 1 红星地区吴二段页岩有机质特征

Table 1. Organic matter characteristics of Wu Second Member Shale in the Hongxing Area.

样品编号	w（TOC）/%	T_max/℃	S₁/(mg·g⁻¹)	S₂/(mg·g⁻¹)	吴一段R_o/%	腐泥组/%	壳质组/%	镜质组/%	惰质组/%	干酪根类型
样品编号	w（TOC）/%	T_max/℃	S₁/(mg·g⁻¹)	S₂/(mg·g⁻¹)	吴一段R_o/%	/%→w_B/%				干酪根类型
HY1-1	6.06	602	0.07	0.26	2.64	74	/	26	/	Ⅱ₁
HY1-2	3.65	602	0.03	0.14	2.65	71.3	/	28.7	/	Ⅱ₁
HY1-3	6.27	603	0.05	0.28	2.65	69.3	/	30.7	/	Ⅱ₁
HY2-1	5.47	602	0.04	0.21	2.61	67.7	/	32.3	/	Ⅱ₁
HY2-2	4.18	359	0.05	0.28	2.59	69.7	/	30.7	/	Ⅱ₁
HY3-1	4.04	601	0.06	0.25	2.93	72.0	/	28.0	/	Ⅱ₁
HY3-2	9.5	599	0.11	0.35	2.72	70.7	/	29.3	/	Ⅱ₁
HY3-3	9.68	599	0.10	0.35	2.74	74.3	/	25.7	/	Ⅱ₁
注：w（TOC）为有机碳质量分数；T_max为最大热解峰温；S₁为残留烃质量分数；S₂为裂解烃质量分数；R_o为镜质体反射率；下同

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