陆相断陷湖盆深层页岩沉积特征及勘探潜力评价：以板桥凹陷沙三段为例

曹强; 周可佳; 王昌丽; 孟立娜; 崔宇; 董越崎; 李宏军; 尹玲玲; 时永僖; 赵军

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250049

陆相断陷湖盆深层页岩沉积特征及勘探潜力评价：以板桥凹陷沙三段为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250049

曹强^{1a, 1b,},
周可佳²,
王昌丽²,
孟立娜²,
崔宇²,
董越崎²,
李宏军²,
尹玲玲²,
时永僖^{1a, 3, ,},
赵军²

1a .
中国地质大学（武汉）：资源学院
1b .
中国地质大学（武汉）：构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室，武汉 430074
2 .
中国石油天然气股份有限公司大港油田分公司勘探开发研究院，天津 300280
3 .
中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院，山东东营 257015

基金项目: 湖北省自然科学基金地质创新发展联合基金项目（2024AFD396）；中国石油天然气股份有限公司大港油田分公司项目（DGYT-2024-JS-1383）

详细信息

作者简介:
曹强：E-mail：qcao@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
E-mail：954993568@qq.com

中图分类号: P618.13
计量
- 文章访问数: 0
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-06
- 录用日期: 2025-08-08
- 修回日期: 2025-08-04
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-16

Sedimentary characteristics and exploration potential evaluation of deep shale in continental rift lake:A case study of the third Member of the Shahejie Formation in Banqiao Sag

CAO Qiang^{1a, 1b
,},
ZHOU KeJia²,
WANG ChangLi²,
MENG LiNa²,
CUI Yu²,
DONG YueQi²,
LI HongJun²,
YIN LingLing²,
SHI YongXi^{1a, 3
, ,},
ZHAO Jun²

1a .
School of Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)
1b .
Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
2 .
Exploration and Development Research Institute, Dagang Oilfield Branch, PetroChina, Tianjin 300280, China
3 .
Exploration and Development Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Branch, SINOPEC, Dongying Shandong 257015, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：qcao@cug.edu.cn

Corresponding author: E-mail：954993568@qq.com

摘要

摘要:
板桥凹陷沙三段扇体前缘远端—深湖区发育典型陆相断陷湖盆深层页岩层系，本研究旨在查明板桥凹陷深层沙三段页岩沉积特征，厘定页岩油气纵向甜点段，综合评价深层页岩勘探潜力。基于岩心、录井、分析测试等数据，采用地质统计、沉积相与有机地化分析、岩石薄片观察、全岩矿物X衍射、显微CT扫描及地球物理预测等技术，综合剖析页岩的宏观沉积特征和岩石组构类型、层理结构以及微观结构和组成特征，分析其生烃物质基础和成烃条件。结果表明，沙三段页岩层系宏观上可分为混积型、夹层型和互层型3种类型，其中混积型和夹层型分布范围广，岩石发育黑色、深灰色泥岩，为优势岩石组构类型。微观上极薄纹层、薄纹层泥页岩具有较高的有机碳含量，为优势纹层类型。成岩演化分析表明，3350 m深度以下发育层间水快速排出带、层间水随有机质快速排出带，形成的异常高压利于微观孔隙保存。综合研究表明，板桥凹陷沙三段页岩层系主体已达成熟−高熟阶段，具备油气富集成藏、规模聚集的良好条件，并指明C2，C6甜点段为主要的油气富集段，为页岩油气勘探评价提供了理论支撑。
- 陆相断陷湖盆 /
- 板桥凹陷 /
- 沙河街组 /
- 页岩油气 /
- 岩石类型 /
- 孔隙结构 /
- 有机碳含量 /
- 勘探潜力
Abstract: Objective
Currently, shale oil and gas exploration and development primarily focus on mid-shallow marine and terrestrial depression-type lacustrine basin shales. However, research on the sedimentary characteristics of deep shales in terrestrial rift lacustrine basins remains relatively scarce, and the evaluation of their exploration potential remains unclear. Consequently, this study holds significant practical implications and can provide valuable insights for the exploration and development of deep shales in similar rift lacustrine basins.In the distal part of the fan front and the deep lake area of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Banqiao Sag, a typical deep shale series in a continental faulted lacustrine basin develops. The aim of this study is to identify the sedimentary characteristics of the deep shale in the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Banqiao Sag, demarcate the vertical sweet spots of shale oil and gas, and comprehensively evaluate the exploration potential of the deep shale.
Method
Based on data from core analysis, well logging, and various analytical tests, by employing techniques such as geological statistics, sedimentary facies and organic geochemical analysis, rock thin section observation, X-ray diffraction of whole-rock minerals, micro-CT scanning, and geophysical prediction, the macroscopic sedimentary features, rock fabric types, bedding structures, as well as microscopic structures and compositional characteristics of the shale were analyzed to explore its material basis for hydrocarbon generation and the conditions for hydrocarbon formation.
Result
Macroscopically, the shale series of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation can be classified into three types: mixed sedimentation type, intercalated type, and interbedded type. Among these, the mixed sedimentation type and intercalated type have a wide distribution range. The rocks mainly consist of black and dark gray mudstones, which are the dominant rock fabric types. Microscopically, extremely thin-laminated and thin-laminated mud shales exhibit relatively high organic carbon contents and are the dominant lamination types. The analysis of diagenetic evolution indicates that below a depth of 3350 m, there are zones where interlayer water is rapidly expelled and zones where interlayer water is expelled rapidly along with organic matter. The resulting abnormal high pressure is conducive to the preservation of microscopic pores.
Conclusion
Comprehensive research shows that the main part of the shale series in the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Banqiao Sag has reached the mature to highly mature stage. It possesses favorable conditions for the enrichment and accumulation of oil and gas on a large scale. Moreover, it is indicated that the C2 and C6 sweet spots are the main zones of oil and gas enrichment, providing theoretical support for the exploration and evaluation of shale oil and gas.The impact of tectonic activities on the generation and accumulation of shale oil and gas has not been adequately considered. Research on shale formations is still in its early stages, and numerous issues remain that require in-depth investigation. It is essential not only to elucidate the material basis for the occurrence of shale oil and gas but also to identify the key factors influencing their production. Therefore, future efforts should focus on achieving technical breakthroughs in the field of integrated geological and engineering approaches.
- continental rift lake /
- Banqiao Sag /
- Shahejie Formation /
- shale gas and oil /
- lithofacies type /
- pore structure /
- organic carbon content /
- exploration potential

HTML全文

图 1 黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷沙三¹底界构造区划(a)和地层综合柱状图(b)

Figure 1. Structural Division and Composite Stratigraphic Column of Qikou Sag in Huanghua Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 B1711井综合柱状图（TOC，S₁未经恢复校正）

GR. 自然伽马；RT. 电阻率；TOC. 有机碳；S₁. 游离烃；下同

Figure 2. Comprehensive column chart of Well B1711 (TOC, S₁ are not corrected by restoration)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 板桥凹陷不同尺度下页岩层系类型

Figure 3. Types of shale series in the Bangqiao Sag at different scales

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 板桥凹陷沙三段C1～C6甜点段沉积古地理图

Figure 4. Sedimentary paleogeographic map of the C1−C6 sweet spots of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Bangqiao Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 板桥凹陷页岩层系岩石组构特征划分

Figure 5. Classification of rock fabric characteristics of shale series in the Bangqiao Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 板桥凹陷沙三段混积型页岩层系取心段岩性组合特征

a. B121X1井，3990.71～3991.03 m，泥质粉砂岩，底部发育砂砾岩，见撕裂状泥岩；b. B121X1井，3994.05 m，泥页岩，纹层发育，见裂缝；c. B1711井，5219.54 m，细砂岩，发育平行层理；d. B1711井，5222.80 m，粉砂质泥岩，发育韵律层理；e. B1711井，5222.92 m，粉砂质泥岩，发育同沉积变形构造；f. B1711井，5226.40 m，深灰色泥岩，夹粉砂质团块

Figure 6. The lithological composition characteristics of the core sections from shale series of the mixed sedimentation type of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Bangqiao Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 沙三段C1～C7甜点段泥页岩矿物成分三角图

Figure 7. Triangular chart of the shale mineral composition of the C1−C7 sweet spots of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 沙三段砂岩矿物成分三角图

Figure 8. Triangular Chart of the sandstone mineral composition of of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 沙三段页岩层系岩石薄片显微特征照片

a. B121X1井，3994.80 m，单偏光显微薄片（10x（显微镜放大倍数为10倍，下同）），含泥粉砂岩，粉砂主要为粗粉砂，粉砂与泥质呈互层状； b. B121X1井，3994.80 m，荧光显微薄片，颗粒见灰蓝黄褐色荧光，亮度中暗；岩石微裂缝见灰蓝色荧光，亮度中暗；c. B121X1井，3996.52 m，单偏光显微薄片（10x），泥岩，少量长英质细粉砂、粉晶碳酸盐颗粒均匀分布；d. B121X1井，3996.52 m，荧光显微薄片，泥质微层见灰蓝褐色荧光，亮度暗；e. B121X1井，3992.89 m，场发射扫描电镜图片；f. B121X1井，3994.71 m，场发射扫描电镜图片；g. Bs35井，4114.00 m，单偏光显微薄片（10x），细粒岩屑长石砂岩，细砂状结构，见少量粉砂和中砂，颗粒分选中等，磨圆中等，压实强烈；h. Bs35井，4122.42 m，单偏光显微薄片（10x），细粒长石岩屑砂岩，发育微裂缝

Figure 9. Microscopic photos of rock thin sections from shale series of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 沙三段B121X1井混积型页岩层系泥页岩和砂岩孔隙结构发育特征

Figure 10. Pore structure characteristics of the mudstones and sandstones from shale series of the mixed sedimentation type of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the B121X1 Well

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 板桥凹陷沙三段烃源岩干酪根类型划分图

Figure 11. Diagram of kerogen types in source rocks from the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Bangqiao Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 板桥凹陷沙三段烃源岩有机碳含量w(TOC)分布预测图（未经恢复试验校正）

Figure 12. Distribution map of total organic carbon content w(TOC) in source rocks from the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Bangqiao Sag (TOCs are not corrected by restoration from experiments)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 板桥凹陷成岩演化及有机质成熟度特征

Figure 13. Characteristics of diagenesis evolution and organic matter maturities in the Bangqiao Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 板桥凹陷沙三段有机质成熟度R_o平面预测图

Figure 14. Distribution map of organic matter maturity (R_o) in source rocks from the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Bangqiao Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 15 板桥凹陷沙三段页岩气成藏模式图^[44]

Figure 15. Model diagram of the Shale gas accumulation from the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Bangqiao Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 沙三段混积型页岩层系泥页岩和砂岩孔隙空间数据表

Table 1. Table of Pore Space Data of the mudstones and sandstones from shale series of the mixed sedimentation type of the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation

深度/m	岩相	平均配位数	迂曲度	孔隙度/%	有效孔隙度/%	裂缝孔隙度/%	裂缝贡献率/%
3990.24	砂泥混杂	0.2	6.11	1.7	0.55	0.39	23.2
3992.89	薄纹层	0.35	2.93	5.44	0.87	0.32	5.91
3994.71	极薄纹层	0.54	4.56	2.56	0.64	0.32	12.54
3996.56	中纹层	0.24	4.59	2.37	0.4	0	0

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(44)

[1]	王红岩, 周尚文, 刘德勋, 等. 页岩气地质评价关键实验技术的进展与展望[J]. 天然气工业, 2020, 40(6): 1-17. WANG H Y, ZHOU S W, LIU D X, et al. Progress and prospect of key experimental technologies for shale gas geological evaluation[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2020, 40(6): 1-17. (in Chinese with English abstract
[2]	王大兴, 胡海燕, 邹佳群, 等. 准噶尔盆地东道海子凹陷二叠系下乌尔禾组陆相页岩气形成富集条件及主控因素[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(4): 98-112. WANG D X, HU H Y, ZOU J Q, et al. Enrichment conditions and main controlling factors of continental shale gas in the Permian Lower Wuerhe Formation in the Dongdaohaizi Sag, Junggar Basin[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(4): 98-112. (in Chinese with English abstract
[3]	郭战峰, 舒逸, 陈绵琨, 等. 川东侏罗系凉高山组页岩沉积环境特征及有机质富集机理[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(4): 62-74. GUO Z F, SHU Y, CHEN M K, et al. Characteristics of the shale sedimentary environment and organic matter enrichment mechanism in the Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in the East Sichuan Basin[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(4): 62-74. (in Chinese with English abstract
[4]	黄建红, 蒋威, 谭先锋, 等. 柴达木盆地西部干柴沟区块下干柴沟组上段页岩油储层特征及勘探潜力[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(4): 141-153. HUANG J H, JIANG W, TAN X F, et al. Characteristics and exploration potential of shale oil reservoir in the Upper Member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation in the Ganchaigou area, western Qaidam Basin[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(4): 141-153. (in Chinese with English abstract
[5]	黄福喜, 汪少勇, 李明鹏, 等. 中国石油深层、超深层油气勘探进展与启示[J]. 天然气工业, 2024, 44(1): 86-96. HUANG F X, WANG S Y, LI M P, et al. Progress and implications of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in PetroChina[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2024, 44(1): 86-96. (in Chinese with English abstract
[6]	贾承造, 姜林, 赵文. 页岩油气革命与页岩油气、致密油气基础地质理论问题[J]. 石油科学通报, 2023, 8(6): 695-706. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1693.2023.06.065 JIA C Z, JIANG L, ZHAO W. The shale revolution and basic geological theory problems of shale and tight oil and gas[J]. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2023, 8(6): 695-706. (in Chinese with English abstract doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1693.2023.06.065
[7]	马永生, 蔡勋育, 赵培荣, 等. 中国陆相页岩油地质特征与勘探实践[J]. 地质学报, 2022, 96(1): 155-171. MA Y S, CAI X Y, ZHAO P R, et al. Geological characteristics and exploration practices of continental shale oil in China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2022, 96(1): 155-171. (in Chinese with English abstract
[8]	蔡勋育, 周德华, 赵培荣, 等. 中国石化深层、常压页岩气勘探开发进展与展望[J]. 石油实验地质, 2023, 45(6): 1039-1049. CAI X Y, ZHOU D H, ZHAO P R, et al. Development progress and outlook of deep and normal pressure shale gas of SINOPEC[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2023, 45(6): 1039-1049. (in Chinese with English abstract
[9]	边瑞康, 孙川翔, 聂海宽, 等. 四川盆地东南部五峰组−龙马溪组深层页岩气藏类型、特征及勘探方向[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(6): 1515-1529. BIAN R K, SUN C X, NIE H K, et al. Types, characteristics, and exploration targets of deep shale gas reservoirs in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations, southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(6): 1515-1529. (in Chinese with English abstract
[10]	郭旭升, 魏志红, 魏祥峰, 等. 四川盆地侏罗系陆相页岩油气富集条件及勘探方向[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(1): 14-27. GUO X S, WEI Z H, WEI X F, et al. Enrichment conditions and exploration direction of Jurassic continental shale oil and gas in Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(1): 14-27. (in Chinese with English abstract
[11]	冯动军. 四川盆地侏罗系大安寨段陆相页岩油气地质特征及勘探方向[J]. 石油实验地质, 2022, 44(2): 219-230. FENG D J. Geological characteristics and exploration direction of continental shale gas in Jurassic Daanzhai Member, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2022, 44(2): 219-230. (in Chinese with English abstract
[12]	杨跃明, 黄东. 四川盆地侏罗系湖相页岩油气地质特征及勘探开发新认识[J]. 天然气工业, 2019, 39(6): 22-33. YANG Y M, HUANG D. Geological characteristics and new understandings of exploration and development of Jurassic lacustrine shale oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019, 39(6): 22-33. (in Chinese with English abstract
[13]	杜燕, 刘超, 高潮, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长探区陆相页岩气勘探开发进展、挑战与展望[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(2): 33-42. DU Y, LIU C, GAO C, et al. Progress, challenges and prospects of the continental shale gas exploration and development in the Yanchang exploration area of the Ordos Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(2): 33-42. (in Chinese with English abstract
[14]	张文, 吴建军, 刘向君, 等. 海陆过渡相页岩力学特征及破坏模式: 以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘二叠系山西组为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2022, 33(7): 1144-1154. ZHANG W, WU J J, LIU X J, et al. Mechanical characteristics and failure mode of marine-continent transitional facies shale: Case study of Permian Shanxi Formation in the eastern margin of Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2022, 33(7): 1144-1154. (in Chinese with English abstract
[15]	武瑾, 王红岩, 施振生, 等. 海陆过渡相黑色页岩优势岩相类型及成因机制: 以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘二叠系山西组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021, 48(6): 1137-1149. WU J, WANG H Y, SHI Z S, et al. Favorable lithofacies types and genesis of marine-continental transitional black shale: A case study of Permian Shanxi Formation in the eastern margin of Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2021, 48(6): 1137-1149. (in Chinese with English abstract
[16]	吴凯, 高娟琴, 解古巍, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7段页岩气储层特征及其勘探开发前景[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(6): 1298-1311. WU K, GAO J Q, XIE G W, et al. Characteristics of Chang 7 shale gas reservoirs in Triassic Yanchang Formation of Ordos Basin and its exploration and development prospects[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2024, 46(6): 1298-1311. (in Chinese with English abstract
[17]	邵龙义, 李猛, 李永红, 等. 柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系页岩气地质特征及控制因素[J]. 地学前缘, 2014, 21(4): 311-322. SHAO L Y, LI M, LI Y H, et al. Geological characteristics and controlling factors of shale gas in the Jurassic of the northern Qaidam Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2014, 21(4): 311-322. (in Chinese with English abstract
[18]	张君峰, 徐兴友, 白静, 等. 松辽盆地梨树断陷白垩系沙河子组陆相页岩气形成条件与勘探突破[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2022, 49(3): 440-452. ZHANG J F, XU X Y, BAI J, et al. Accumulation and exploration of continental shale gas resources of Cretaceous Shahezi Formation in Lishu fault Depression, Songliao Basin, NE China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2022, 49(3): 440-452. (in Chinese with English abstract
[19]	王红岩, 周尚文, 赵群, 等. 川南地区深层页岩气富集特征、勘探开发进展及展望[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(6): 1430-1441. WANG H Y, ZHOU S W, ZHAO Q, et al. Enrichment characteristics, exploration and exploitation progress, and prospects of deep shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(6): 1430-1441. (in Chinese with English abstract
[20]	束景锐, 王建富. 黄骅坳陷第三系天然气藏形成条件[J]. 勘探家, 1997, 2(3): 21-24. SHU J R, WANG J F. Formation conditions of tertiary gas reservoir in Huanghua Depression[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 1997, 2(3): 21-24. (in Chinese with English abstract
[21]	刘玉梅, 邓泽进, 孙广伯, 等. 板桥断裂构造带油气成藏组合特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2003, 14(4): 275-278. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1926.2003.04.010 LIU Y M, DENG Z J, SUN G B, et al. Reservoir characterization of Banqiao rupture structural belt[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2003, 14(4): 275-278. (in Chinese with English abstract doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1926.2003.04.010
[22]	杨池银. 板桥凹陷深层天然气气源对比与成因分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2003, 14(1): 47-52. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2003.01.47 YANG C Y. Nature gas source correlation and its genesis analysis for the deep gas pool in Banqiao Sag[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2003, 14(1): 47-52. (in Chinese with English abstract doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2003.01.47
[23]	肖敦清, 姜文亚, 蒲秀刚, 等. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷中深层天然气成藏条件与资源潜力[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1409-1421. XIAO D Q, JIANG W Y, PU X G, et al. Natural gas formation conditions and resource potential in mid-deep strata of the Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2018, 29(10): 1409-1421. (in Chinese with English abstract
[24]	蒲秀刚, 付永强, 时战楠, 等. 断陷湖盆细粒区页岩组构特征与页岩油富集成藏规律: 以黄骅坳陷古近系为例[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2024, 55(3): 994-1007. PU X G, FU Y Q, SHI Z N, et al. Fabric characteristics and oil accumulation laws of shales in finegrained areas of faulted lacustrine basin: A case of Paleogene in Huanghua Depression[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2024, 55(3): 994-1007. (in Chinese with English abstract
[25]	蒲秀刚, 柴公权, 许静, 等. 黄骅坳陷古近系细粒沉积区勘探开发认识技术迭代与页岩油增储上产成效[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(9): 1399-1408. PU X G, CHAI G Q, XU J, et al. Technological iteration and understandings of exploration and development as well as increase of shale oil reserves and production in Paleogene fine-grained sediments areas of Huanghua Depression[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(9): 1399-1408. (in Chinese with English abstract
[26]	金凤鸣, 韩文中, 时战楠, 等. 黄骅坳陷纹层型页岩油富集与提产提效关键技术[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2023, 28(3): 100-120. JIN F M, HAN W Z, SHI Z N, et al. Enrichment characteristics and key technologies for production and efficiency enhancement of laminated shale oil in Huanghua Depression in Bohai Bay Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2023, 28(3): 100-120. (in Chinese with English abstract
[27]	赵贤正, 蒲秀刚, 金凤鸣, 等. 黄骅坳陷页岩型页岩油富集规律及勘探有利区[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(1): 158-175. ZHAO X Z, PU X G, JIN F M, et al. Enrichment law and favorable exploration area of shale-type shale oil in Huanghua depression[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(1): 158-175. (in Chinese with English abstract
[28]	马建英, 刘萍, 陈双清, 等. 板桥凹陷深层构造−地层特征研究及勘探潜力分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2010, 21(4): 601-605. MA J Y, LIU P, CHEN S Q, et al. Deep structural-stratigraphical feature and exploration potential in Banqiao Sag[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2010, 21(4): 601-605. (in Chinese with English abstract
[29]	蒲秀刚, 马超, 郭彬程, 等. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷歧北次凹沙三上亚段页岩岩相特征及含油性差异[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2023, 47(2): 55-69. PU X G, MA C, GUO B C, et al. Shale lithofacies characteristics and shale oil bearing differences in the Es₃^s of Qibei Subsag, Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2023, 47(2): 55-69.(in Chinese with English abstract
[30]	刘祥柏, 柳广弟, 宋泽章, 等. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷沙河街组烃源岩沉积环境及形成机理[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2022, 33(12): 2008-2031. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2022.09.001 LIU X B, LIU G D, SONG Z Z, et al. The paleo-sedimentary environment and formation mechanism of the source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2022, 33(12): 2008-2031. (in Chinese with English abstract doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2022.09.001
[31]	周立宏, 韩国猛, 马建英, 等. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷歧北斜坡古近系沙二段滨浅湖滩坝沉积模式与勘探实践[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2023, 28(3): 64-77. ZHOU L H, HAN G M, MA J Y, et al. Depositional pattern and exploration practice of shallow shore lake beach bar sand body in the second member of Shahejie Formation in Qibei slope in Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2023, 28(3): 64-77. (in Chinese with English abstract
[32]	赵军, 于春勇, 马建英, 等. 歧口凹陷歧北次凹沙三段页岩油富集因素分析[J]. 录井工程, 2025, 36(1): 123-129. ZHAO J, YU C Y, MA J Y, et al. Analysis of shale oil enrichment factors in the Es3 of Qibei subsag, Qikou Sag[J]. Mud Logging Engineering, 2025, 36(1): 123-129. (in Chinese with English abstract
[33]	索艳慧, 李三忠, 许立青, 等. 渤海湾盆地大歧口凹陷新生代构造演化与盆地原型[J]. 地质科学, 2015, 50(2): 473-488. SUO Y H, LI S Z, XU L Q, et al. Cenozoic structural evolution and prototype basin of the Great Qikou Sag, the Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology (Scientia Geologica Sinica), 2015, 50(2): 473-488. (in Chinese with English abstract
[34]	梁锋, 范军侠, 李宏伟, 等. 大港油田板桥凹陷构造变换带与油气富集[J]. 古地理学报, 2008, 10(1): 73-76. LIANG F, FAN J X, LI H W, et al. Relationship between tectonic transfer zones and petroleum accumulation in Banqiao Sag, Dagang Oilfield[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2008, 10(1): 73-76. (in Chinese with English abstract
[35]	王振升, 陈长伟, 韩国猛, 等. 旋转掀斜斜坡区构造−沉积演化特征及油气地质意义: 以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷板桥斜坡为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(11): 1650-1656. WANG Z S, CHEN C W, HAN G M, et al. Rotate-tilt slope zone structures-sedimentary evolution and petroleum geologic significance: A case study of Banqiao Slope of Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2017, 28(11): 1650-1656. (in Chinese with English abstract
[36]	赵贤正, 蒲秀刚, 周立宏, 等. 深盆湖相区页岩油富集理论、勘探技术及前景: 以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷古近系为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(2): 143-162. ZHAO X Z, PU X G, ZHOU L H, et al. Enrichment theory, exploration technology and prospects of shale oil in lacustrine facies zone of deep basin: A case study of the Paleogene in Huanghua Depression, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(2): 143-162. (in Chinese with English abstract
[37]	吴胜和, 纪友亮, 岳大力, 等. 碎屑沉积地质体构型分级方案探讨[J]. 高校地质学报, 2013, 19(1): 12-22. WU S H, JI Y L, YUE D L, et al. Discussion on hierarchical scheme of architectural units in clastic deposits[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities, 2013, 19(1): 12-22. (in Chinese with English abstract
[38]	文杰, 徐尚, 苟启洋, 等. 页岩油微运移研究进展及意义[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(4): 1-14. WEN J, XU S, GOU Q Y, et al. Research status and significance of shale oil micromigration[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(4): 1-14. (in Chinese with English abstract
[39]	周立宏, 陈长伟, 韩国猛, 等. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷沙一下亚段地质特征与页岩油勘探潜力[J]. 地球科学, 2019, 44(8): 2736-2750. ZHOU L H, CHEN C W, HAN G M, et al. Geological characteristics and shale oil exploration potential of Lower First Member of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Earth Science, 2019, 44(8): 2736-2750. (in Chinese with English abstract
[40]	华柑霖, 吴松涛, 邱振, 等. 页岩纹层结构分类与储集性能差异: 以四川盆地龙马溪组页岩为例[J]. 沉积学报, 2021, 39(2): 281-296. HUA G L, WU S T, QIU Z, et al. Lamination texture and its effect on reservoir properties: A case study of Longmaxi shale, Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2021, 39(2): 281-296. (in Chinese with English abstract
[41]	ZHAO X Z, ZHOU L H, PU X G, et al. Exploration breakthroughs and geological characteristics of continental shale oil: A case study of the Kongdian Formation in the Cangdong Sag, China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2019, 102: 544-556. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.12.020
[42]	WANG X W, ZHANG J C, ZHAO R R, et al. Siliceous origin of the Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation shale in the middle part of the Upper Yangtze platform: Significance of organic matter enrichment[J]. ACS Omega, 2023, 8(28): 25358-25369. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02780
[43]	SUN L D, HE W Y, FENG Z H, et al. Shale oil and gas generation process and pore fracture system evolution mechanisms of the continental Gulong shale, Songliao Basin, China[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2022, 36(13): 6893-6905.
[44]	周立宏, 陈长伟, 韩国猛, 等. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷陆相湖盆页岩气富集条件及勘探潜力[J]. 天然气工业, 2021, 41(5): 1-10. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.05.001 ZHOU L H, CHEN C W, HAN G M, et al. Enrichment conditions and exploration potential of shale gas in continental lake basins in Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2021, 41(5): 1-10. (in Chinese with English abstract doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.05.001