基于钻孔成像和孔内流速流向试验的裂隙介质渗透系数计算方法研究

卢婷; 王萍; 王涛; 罗朝晖; 钱晨宇

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250024

基于钻孔成像和孔内流速流向试验的裂隙介质渗透系数计算方法研究

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20250024

卢婷^a,,
王萍^b,
王涛^a, ,,
罗朝晖^a,
钱晨宇^a

a.
中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院
b.
中国地质大学（武汉）期刊社，武汉 430074

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（42172278）

详细信息

作者简介:
卢婷：E-mail：2766502011@qq.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：twang21@cug.edu.cn

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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-15
- 录用日期: 2025-04-03
- 修回日期: 2025-03-19
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-23

Research on the Calculation Method of Hydraulic Conductivity of Fractured Media Based on Borehole Imaging and In-Borehole Flow Velocity and Direction Tests

a.
China University of Geosciences School of Environmental Studies
b.
China University of Geosciences Journal Press, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：2766502011@qq.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：twang21@cug.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
水文地质参数的获取在工程具有重要意义。钻孔成像试验和流速流向试验是近年来新兴起的求取渗透系数的方法，都可以对单裂隙渗透系数进行计算，具有试验周期短，设备数量少的特点。但钻孔成像试验所得的理想条件下的渗透系数并不能代表实际情况，流速流向试验只能对单裂隙进行测量，难以实现钻孔整体渗透系数计算。为了找到钻孔成像和流速流向试验在计算单裂隙渗透系数之间的关系，并提出一个更为方便的计算渗透系数的新方法，本研究以利川煤矿区钻孔ZW2为例，通过地下水流速流向试验、钻孔成像试验求得等效渗透系数并与抽水试验对比。结果表明：钻孔成像试验和流速流向试验求得的等效渗透系数与抽水试验计算渗透系数结果基本一致，误差分别为40%和9%；钻孔成像试验结果和流速流向试验结果对比，两者具有线性相关性，回归方程为Y =−0.23+0.82X；通过两者之间的线性关系对钻孔成像试验所得渗透系数进行修正，得到了一个更为方便和精确的计算渗透系数的新方法。该方法较为可靠，可直接计算单裂隙、区域裂隙、整个钻孔等不同尺度裂隙渗透系数，具有试验周期短、工作量少和节省成本较低、适用范围广等优点。
- 钻孔成像 /
- 流速流向 /
- 抽水试验 /
- 渗透系数
Abstract: <p>The acquisition of hydrogeological parameters is of great significance in engineering. Borehole imaging tests and velocity and direction tests are emerging methods for obtaining permeability coefficients in recent years, both of which can calculate the permeability coefficient of a single fracture, with the characteristics of short test cycles and few equipment. However, the permeability coefficient obtained under ideal conditions by borehole imaging tests cannot represent the actual situation, and the velocity and direction tests can only measure single fractures, making it difficult to calculate the overall permeability coefficient of the borehole. </p></sec><sec><title>Objective
In order to find the relationship between borehole imaging and flow velocity and direction tests in calculating the permeability coefficient of a single fracture, and to propose a new and more convenient method for calculating the permeability coefficient.
Method
Taking the borehole ZW2 in the Lichuan coal mining area as an example, this paper determines the equivalent permeability coefficient through the underground water flow velocity and direction test and the borehole imaging test and compares it with the result of the pumping test.
Results
The results show that the equivalent permeability coefficients obtained from the borehole imaging test and the velocity and direction test are basically consistent with the permeability coefficient calculated by the pumping test, with errors of 40% and 9%, respectively. Comparing the results of the borehole imaging test with those of the velocity and direction test, there is a linear correlation between the two, with the regression equation being Y=−0.23+0.82X. By correcting the permeability coefficient obtained from the borehole imaging test through the linear relationship between the two, a new method for calculating the permeability coefficient has been obtained, which is more convenient and accurate.
Conclusion
This method is relatively reliable and can directly calculate the permeability coefficients of single fractures, regional fractures, and the entire borehole at different scales. It has the advantages of short test periods, less work, lower cost, and wide applicability.
- borehole imaging /
- flow velocity and direction /
- pumping test /
- permeability coefficient

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图 1 研究区地理位置和水位地质条件概况

Figure 1. Overview of the geographical location and hydrogeological conditions of the study area

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图 2 ZW2钻孔柱状图

${\mathrm{Q}}_4^{{\mathrm{dl}}+{\mathrm{el}}} $. 第四系残破积物；$ {\mathrm{Q}}_4^{{\mathrm{al}}+{\mathrm{pl}}} $. 第四系冲洪积物；${\mathrm{T}}_2 b $. 三叠系巴东组

Figure 2. ZW2 Drilling Core Columnar Chart

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图 3 降深-时间历时曲线图

Figure 3. Drawdown-time duration curve

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图 4 钻孔成像图

Figure 4. Drilling Hole Imaging Diagram

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图 5 流速流向等效渗透系数统计

Figure 5. Statistics of equivalent permeability coefficient for flow velocity and direction

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图 6 钻孔成像和流速流向试验结果对比

Figure 6. Comparison of Borehole Imaging and Flow Velocity and Direction Test Results

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表 1 地下水流速流向试验点位

Table 1. Underground Water Flow Velocity and Direction Test Point

测试点编号	隙宽范围/cm	深度H/m
1	0.05～0.2	13.38
2	0～0.05	19.08
3	>0.2	24.18
4	>0.2	25.58
5	0	30.78
6	0	31.48
7	0.05～0.2	33.38
8	0～0.05	34.38
9	0	37.58
10	>0.2	38.33
11	0.05～0.2	39.06
12	0～0.05	39.63

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表 2 钻孔裂隙统计

Table 2. Drilling Fracture Statistics Table

深度/m	优势裂隙		裂隙数量/条		孔隙率
深度/m	组	产状	<1mm	>1mm	孔隙率
8～20.8	1	335°∠45°	405	16	0.008
8～20.8	2	225°∠53°	405	16	0.008
20.8～28.6	1	335°∠45°	401	14	0.029
20.8～28.6	2	225°∠53°	401	14	0.029
28.6～31.9	1	335°∠45°	5	6	0.002
28.6～31.9	2	225°∠53°	5	6	0.002
31.9～36.1	1	335°∠45°	200	11	0.042
31.9～36.1	2	225°∠53°	200	11	0.042
36.1～42.8	1	335°∠45°	4	12	0.011
36.1～42.8	2	225°∠53°	4	12	0.011
42.8～50	1	335°∠45°	210	5	0.038
42.8～50	2	225°∠53°	210	5	0.038

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表 3 钻孔成像等效渗透系数统计

Table 3. Statistical Table of Equivalent Permeability Coefficient for Borehole Imaging

深度/m	渗透张量/(m·d⁻¹)			渗透主值/(m·d⁻¹)	等效K(裂隙)	等效K(岩溶管道)	分段渗透系数/(m·d⁻¹)
8～20.8	1.47E-01	−4.27E-05	−2.57E-03	1.47E-01	0.15	0.65	0.398
	−4.27E-05	1.47E-01	−5.07E-04	1.47E-01
	−2.57E-03	−5.07E-04	9.02E-04	1.47E-01
20.8～28.6	7.26E-04	−4.17E-07	−1.28E-05	7.25E-04	7.23E-04	6.68	3.340
	−4.17E-07	7.25E-04	−7.22E-07	7.23E-04
	−1.28E-05	−7.22E-07	−4.45E-06	7.22E-04
28.6～31.9	3.83E-03	8.36E-06	−3.19E-05	3.83E-03	3.83E-03	0.44	0.223
	8.36E-06	7.82E-05	4.68E-06	3.83E-03
	−3.19E-05	4.68E-06	4.45E-05	3.83E-03
31.9～36.1	3.62E-04	−1.92E-09	−6.32E-06	3.62E-04	3.62E-04	7.03	3.515
	−1.92E-09	3.62E-04	−1.10E-07	3.62E-04
	−6.32E-06	−1.10E-07	−6.62E-05	3.61E-04
36.1～42.8	3.84E-05	−6.60E-06	−4.36E-06	4.43E-05	4.42E-05	0.97	0.486
	−6.60E-06	3.67E-05	−3.32E-06	4.42E-05
	−4.36E-06	−3.32E-06	1.58E-05	4.42E-05
42.8～50	3.80E-03	−2.02E-08	−6.63E-05	3.80E-03	3.80E-03	6.29	>3.147
	−2.02E-08	3.80E-03	−1.16E-06	3.80E-03
	−6.63E-05	−1.16E-06	1.16E-06	3.79E-03

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