Petroleum accumulation conditions and exploration direction in the Cambrian-Ordovician buried-hills of Huanghua Depression, Bohai Bay Basin
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摘要:
渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷寒武系−奥陶系潜山内幕已捕获油气显示，但勘探尚未获突破。目前存在潜山内幕成藏因素、成藏类型及勘探潜力等认识不清的问题。基于新三维地震、钻井地质、测井和地球化学等资料，对潜山内幕成藏条件进行了系统分析，并探讨了其成藏类型与勘探方向。研究表明：黄骅坳陷发育古近系沙三段和上古生界石炭系−二叠系2套烃源岩，为潜山油气藏的形成提供了充足的油气源；潜山内幕发育基岩褶皱变形控制的背斜型和基底断层掀斜控制的断鼻型2种成因潜山圈闭类型，印支−早燕山运动期的区域挤压作用和晚燕山−喜山运动期的拉张作用为潜山的形成奠定了基础；岩性、云化、溶蚀及断裂作用控制了基质孔隙、溶蚀孔洞和裂缝型3类优势储层，构成了潜山内幕有利的储集空间。通过寒武系−奥陶系潜山内幕源−储配置关系分析，总结了“双源供烃−负反转背斜型”、“单源供烃−正反转背斜型”和“单源供烃−翘倾断鼻型”3种成藏类型，指出了目前埕海潜山和王官屯潜山内幕成藏条件最为有利，内幕未钻圈闭极具勘探价值，可作为下一步潜山勘探的重点方向。研究成果可为潜山勘探提供理论指导。
Abstract:Objective The Cambrian-Ordovician buried-hills in the Huanghua Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, have shown petroleum indications, but exploration breakthroughs remain elusive. The reservoir-forming factors, genetic types, and exploration potential within these buried-hill systems are still unclear.
Methods A systematic analysis of the reservoir-forming conditions was conducted using newly acquired 3D seismic data, drilling geology, well log, and geochemical data. This study further explores the genetic types of reservoirs and identifies potential exploration targets.
Results The research shows the following findings: The Huanghua Depression hosts two sets of hydrocarbon source rocks: The Third Member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation (E
s 3) and the Upper Paleozoic Carboniferous-Permian, which provide abundant hydrocarbon sources for buried-hill reservoirs. Two types of genetic traps are identified within the buried-hill systems: Anticlinal traps controlled by basement fold deformation and fault-nose traps governed by basement fault tilting. Regional compressional stress during the Indosinian-Early Yanshanian orogeny, followed by extensional tectonism during the Late Yanshanian-Himalayan period, provided the foundation for buried-hill formation. Lithology, dolomitization, dissolution, and faulting jointly control three dominant reservoir types: Matrix pores, dissolution vugs, and fracture networks, which together created favorable pore spaces within the buried-hill systems. By analyzing the source-reservoir configurations in the Cambrian-Ordovician buried-hill systems, three reservoir-forming models are proposed: Dual-source hydrocarbon supply-negative inversion anticline type, single-source hydrocarbon supply-positive inversion anticline type, single-source hydrocarbon supply-tilting fault-nose type. The Chenghai and Wangguantun buried-hill systems have the most favorable reservoir-forming conditions. Undrilled intra-hill traps in these areas have significant exploration potential and are recommended as priority targets for future buried-hill exploration.Conclusion The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the buried-hil exploration.
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图 1 黄骅坳陷寒武系−奥陶系潜山分布图(a)与岩性综合柱状图(b) (GR. 自然伽马；RT. 电阻率)
Figure 1. Distribution (a) and comprehensive lithology histogram(b) in the Cambrian-Ordovician buried hills of Huanghua Depression
图 2 埕海“先隆后埋”型潜山圈闭地震剖面图（剖面位置见图1）
Figure 2. Seismic section of the "first uplift and then burial" type buried-hill trap in Chenghai area
图 3 王官屯“先拗后隆”型潜山圈闭地震剖面图（剖面位置见图1）
Figure 3. Seismic section of the "first depression and then uplift" type buried-hill trap in Wangguantun area
图 4 基底断层掀斜型潜山圈闭地震剖面图（剖面位置见图1）
Figure 4. Seismic section of basement fault tilted buried-hill trap
图 5 寒武系−奥陶系潜山内幕储集空间类型及特征
a.wg3井，
4515 m，府君山组晶间孔；b. wg3井，4474.5 m，府君山组构造缝；c. tg1井，2219 m，亮甲山组细晶白云岩，溶蚀孔洞；c. tg1井，2273 m，亮甲山组溶蚀孔缝Figure 5. Types and characteristics of reservoir space in the Cambrian-Ordovician buried-hills
图 6 黄骅坳陷寒武系−奥陶系潜山内幕油源断裂分布
Figure 6. Distribution of oil-source faults in the Cambrian-Ordovician buried-hills of Huanghua Depression
图 7 “双源供烃−负反转背斜型”潜山成藏类型（剖面位置见图1）
Figure 7. "Dual-source hydrocarbon supply-negative inversion anticline type" buried-hill reservoir formation
图 8 “单源供烃−正反转背斜型”潜山成藏类型（剖面位置见图1）
Figure 8. "Single-source hydrocarbon supply-positive inversion anticline type" buried-hill reservoir formation
图 9 “单源供烃−翘倾断鼻型”潜山成藏类型（剖面位置见图1）
Figure 9. "Single-source hydrocarbon supply-tilting fault-nose type" buried-hill reservoir formation
表 1 黄骅坳陷寒武系−奥陶系主要油源评价
Table 1. Evaluation of main hydrocarbon source in the Cambrian-Ordovician of Huanghua Depression
断层编号 油源断层名称 构造带 潜山名称 圈闭类型 沟通油源 水平供烃窗口/km 垂直供烃窗口/m 源储关系 控藏级别 ① 大张坨−新港 歧口凹陷 千米桥 背斜 Es3 42 300～ 1200 新生古储 Ⅰ ② 北大港 北大港 断鼻 Es3、C-P 15-35 1500 ～4500 混生古储 Ⅱ ③ 张北 埕海 背斜 Es3、C-P 3.5-5.8 700～ 2560 古生古储 Ⅰ ④ 张东 C-P 3.3-19 200～ 2200 古生古储 Ⅰ ⑤ 海4井 C-P 2.3 150～500 古生古储 Ⅰ ⑥ 南大港 南大港 断鼻 Es3、C-P 27 1200 ～2500 混生古储 Ⅱ ⑦ 孔店东 沧东凹陷 孔店 断鼻 C-P 12 100～650 古生古储 Ⅱ ⑧ 徐杨桥−黑龙村 徐杨桥 断鼻 C-P 36 2500 ～5500 古生古储 Ⅱ ⑨ 孔东 王官屯 背斜 C-P 11 150～650 古生古储 Ⅰ 注： Es3. 沙三段； C-P. 石炭系−二叠系 
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