古龙凹陷青一段页岩层系沉积构造特征与测井识别方法

韩宗晏; 王贵文; 武宏亮; 冯周; 田瀚

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240641

古龙凹陷青一段页岩层系沉积构造特征与测井识别方法

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240641

韩宗晏^{1a, 1b,},
王贵文^{1a, 1b, ,},
武宏亮²,
冯周²,
田瀚²

1a.
中国石油大学（北京）：油气资源与工程全国重点实验室
1b.
中国石油大学（北京）：地球科学学院，北京 102249
2.
中国石油勘探开发研究院，北京 100083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41872133）

详细信息

作者简介:
韩宗晏：E-mail：tibby0406@163.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：wanggw@cup.edu.cn

中图分类号: P618.13
计量
- 文章访问数: 374
- PDF下载量: 33
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-28
- 录用日期: 2024-11-27
- 修回日期: 2024-11-22
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-27

Sedimentary structural characteristics and well logging identification method for shale strata in the First Member of the Qingshankou Formation, Gulong Sag

HAN Zongyan^{1a, 1b
,},
WANG Guiwen^{1a, 1b
, ,},
WU Hongliang²,
FENG Zhou²,
TIAN Han²

1a.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
1b.
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2.
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：tibby0406@163.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：wanggw@cup.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
为建立页岩沉积构造的测井精细分类方案与定量表征方法，支撑页岩油的高效勘探开发，以松辽盆地古龙凹陷青山口组一段（K₂qn₁）陆相页岩层系为例，基于岩心和薄片观察、全岩矿物X射线衍射和电成像测井资料，明确了岩性差异下的沉积构造特征，建立了适用于陆相页岩层系的沉积构造测井定量识别方法。结果表明，K₂qn₁页岩层系的不同岩性下沉积构造特征的差异主要体现在纹层的矿物组成和层理（纹理）的厚度变化上，沉积构造类型基于单层厚度的大小可分为纹层状（单层厚度≤1 cm）、层状（单层厚度1~10 cm）和块状（单层厚度≥10 cm）；依托电成像测井切片图像的高分辨率优势，利用边缘检测和霍夫变换识别电成像测井切片图像中的层界面，基于层界面厚度的大小，实现沉积构造类型的定量划分；该方法不仅克服了传统动静态成像测井图像对毫米级纹层表征精度不足的难题，同时弥补了以往利用纹层密度不能对测井单位窗长内层状和纹层状沉积构造进行精细划分的弊端。这种基于电成像测井切片图像的沉积构造测井识别方法精度高、应用广泛，可为后续陆相页岩储层有效性评价提供有力支撑。
- 古龙凹陷 /
- 青山口组 /
- 页岩层系 /
- 沉积构造 /
- 层界面厚度 /
- 测井识别
Abstract: Objective
In order to establish a detailed classification scheme and quantitative characterization method for the logging of shale sedimentary structure, and to support the efficient exploration and development of shale oil,
Methods
the continental shale strata of the First Member of the Qingshankou Formation (K₂qn₁) in the Gulong Sag, Songliao Basin were taken as an example. Based on core and thin-section observations, whole-rock mineral X-ray diffraction, and electrical imaging logging data, the sedimentary structura characteristics under lithological variations were clarified, and a quantitative well logging identification method for sedimentary structures applicable to continental shale strata was established.
Results
The results showed that the differences in sedimentary structural characteristics under different lithologies in K₂qn₁ shale strata were primarily reflected in the mineral composition of the laminae and the thickness variation of the bedding (texture). Based on the single-layer thickness, sedimentary structure types could be divided into laminated (single-layer thickness ≤ 1 cm), bedded (single-layer thickness is 1-10 cm), and massive (single-layer thickness ≥ 10 cm). Leveraging the high-resolution advantage of electrical imaging logging slice images, the layer interfaces in the slices were identified through edge detection and Hough transform. The sedimentary structures type was quantitatively classified based on layer interface thickness. This method not only overcame the challenge of insufficient characterization accuracy for millimeter-scale laminae in traditional dynamic and static imaging logging but also addressed the limitation of previous methods where laminae density could not effectively distinguish between bedded and laminated sedimentary structures within a well logging unit window length.
Conclusion
Overall, the logging identification method for sedimentary structures based on electrical imaging slices proposed in this study demonstrates high accuracy and broad applicability, providing robust support for the subsequent evaluation of continental shale reservoir effectiveness.
- Gulong Sag /
- Qingshankou Formation /
- shale strata /
- sedimentary structure /
- layer interface thickness /
- well logging identification

HTML全文

图 1 松辽盆地古龙凹陷位置图(a)及地层柱状图(b)（据文献[10]修改）

Figure 1. Location map (a) and stratigraphic column (b) of Gulong Sag in Songliao Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 古龙凹陷青山口组一段页岩层系岩性分类命名方案（据文献[28]修改）

Figure 2. Lithologic classification and naming scheme of K₂qn₁ shale strata in Gulong Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 古龙凹陷青山口组一段页岩层系典型岩心沉积构造发育特征（岩心剖开图像）

a～c. 泥页岩中纹理及层理发育；d. 块状泥页岩；e～g. 粉砂岩中发育纹理及层理；h. 块状粉砂岩；i，j. 块状云（灰）岩；k，l. 混积页岩中发育纹理及层理

Figure 3. Development characteristics of sedimentary structures of typical cores from K₂qn₁ shale strata in Gulong Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 古龙凹陷青山口组一段不同岩性的微观沉积构造特征

a. 正交光，粉砂质泥页岩；b. 正交光，泥质粉砂页岩；c. 正交光，泥质粉砂质混积页岩；d. 正交光，粉砂质云（灰）质混积页岩；e. 正交光，云（灰）质泥质混积页岩；f. 单偏光，粉砂岩；g. 正交光，云（灰）质粉砂页岩；h. 正交光，粉砂质云（灰）岩；i. 正交光，介壳灰岩；j. 正交光，白云岩。黄色虚线为标出纹层、矿物边界

Figure 4. Characteristics of microscopic sedimentary structure of different lithologies of K₂qn₁ shale strata in Gulong Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 古龙凹陷青山口组一段不同类型沉积构造的电成像测井响应特征

Figure 5. Well logging response characteristics of different sedimentary structure types of K₂qn₁ shale strata in Gulong Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 基于电成像测井资料的古龙凹陷青一段页岩层系沉积构造识别效果（切片图像已剔除裂缝影响，第4和5道中红线为识别出的层界面）

Figure 6. Identification results of sedimentary structures of K₂qn₁ shale strata in Gulong Sag based on electrical imaging logging data

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 电成像测井切片图像获取过程（据文献[40]）

a. 井筒图像；b. 电成像测井图像；c. 纹层投影图像；d. 切片图像

Figure 7. Process of obtaining slice images from electrical imaging logging

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 古龙凹陷青山口组一段页岩层系沉积构造测井连续识别结果

KTH. 无铀伽马；GR. 自然伽马；CAL. 井径；RMSL. 微球电阻率；RD. 深侧向电阻率；RS. 浅侧向电阻；ZDEN. 密度；CNC. 中子；DT. 声波时差；1 in=2.54 cm

Figure 8. Continuous well logging identification results of sedimentary structures of K₂qn₁ shale strata in Gulong Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 古龙凹陷青山口组一段页岩层系沉积构造测井与岩心识别结果对比

Figure 9. Comparison between well logging and core identification results of sedimentary structures of K₂qn₁ shale strata in Gulong Sag

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 古龙凹陷青山口组一段页岩层系矿物类型及含量

Table 1. Mineral types and contents of K₂qn₁ shale strata in Gulong Sag

矿物类型	w_B / %			矿物类型	w_B/ %
矿物类型	最大值	最小值	平均值	矿物类型	最大值	最小值	平均值
石英+长石	79.1	2	53.7	方解石	76.7	0.2	4.9
黏土矿物	80	1.1	33.6	（铁）白云石	96.6	0.2	7.4
碳酸盐	96.8	0.2	12.7	伊利石	92	37	71.2
黄铁矿	31.3	0.2	3.7	高岭石	26	1	1
菱铁矿	14.8	0.1	0.5	绿泥石	45	1	13.8
石英	57.8	0.5	31.2	伊、蒙混层	31	3	13.1
斜长石	49.3	1.3	19.8	绿、蒙混层	13	1	0.8
钾长石	6.3	0.4	0.3

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