长江中游河湖-地下水交互带地下水中氮素的时空分布特征及控制因素

高杰; 郭静; 蔡爱民; 杨虎成; 李亚云; 王艺霖; 池泽涌; 李伟; 赵德君

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240595

长江中游河湖-地下水交互带地下水中氮素的时空分布特征及控制因素

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240595

高杰^{1, 2},
郭静^{1, 2},
蔡爱民^{1, 2},
杨虎成³,
李亚云^{1, 2},
王艺霖^{1, 2},
池泽涌⁴,
李伟^{1, 2},
赵德君^{1, 2, ,}

1 .
湖北省地质局资源与生态环境地质湖北省重点实验室，武汉 430034
2 .
湖北省地质环境总站，武汉 430034
3 .
武汉市生态环境局东西湖区生态环境事务服务站，武汉 430034
4 .
江西省科学院微生物研究所，南昌 330096

基金项目: 湖北省自然科学基金地质联合基金项目（2023AFD223）；湖北省自然科学基金地质联合基金项目（2023AFD216）；国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（42207237）

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：zdjzby@163.com

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出版历程
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-14

The spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and driving factors of nitrogen in groundwater of river-lake-groundwater interaction zone along middle reaches of the Yangtze River

GAO Jie^{1, 2},
GUO Jing^{1, 2},
CAI Aimin^{1, 2},
YANG Hucheng³,
LI Yayun^{1, 2},
WANG Yilin^{1, 2},
CHI Zeyong⁴,
LI Wei^{1, 2},
ZHAO Dejun^{1, 2
, ,}

1 .
Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Eco-Environment Geology, Hubei Geological Bureau, Wuhan 430034, China
2 .
Geological Environmental Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430034, China
3 .
Wuhan Dongxihu District Ecological Environment Affairs Service Station, 430034, China
4 .
Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：zdjzby@163.com

摘要

摘要:
河湖−地下水交互带的复杂结构驱动着营养盐的迁移转化与归宿，探究氮素在地下水中的时空分布特征及其控制因素对于水质和生态系统的保护具有重要指导意义。以长江中游河湖−地下水交互带为研究对象，分别于丰水期和枯水期采集2个承压水剖面以及1个潜水剖面的地下水样品，进行水文地球化学分析，并运用随机森林模型探讨了氮素富集的控制因素。结果表明：地下水中氮素的主要存在形态为铵氮（NH₄-N），丰水期承压水NH₄-N质量浓度（0.37～4.96 mg/L, 均值2.07 mg/L）显著高于潜水（0～0.096 mg/L, 均值0.012 mg/L）。其低浓度Cl^-/SO₄²⁻以及高浓度CO₂/HCO₃⁻指示NH₄-N的富集与天然成因条件下含氮有机质矿化过程密切相关。相比承压水，潜水枯水期NH₄-N质量浓度（均值1.25 mg/L）显著高于丰水期（均值0.032 mg/L），呈显著的季节性变化，且其Fe/Mn比值也相对较高。结合水位波动情况，潜水受人为活动影响较大，该含水层中NH₄-N富集后可进一步发生厌氧铁铵氧化过程。本研究丰富了河湖−地下水交互带氮素赋存规律的认识，并可为氮循环相关的生物地球化学过程提供理论基础。
- 交互带 /
- 水位波动 /
- 地下水 /
- 铵氮 /
- 有机质矿化 /
- 厌氧铁铵氧化
Abstract: Objective
The complex structure of river and lake-groundwater interaction zone drives the migration and transformation and the fate of nutrients. Exploring the spatial-temporal distribution characteristic and controlling factors of nitrogen in groundwater has significant instruction for water quality and ecosystem protection.
Methods
In this paper, the object of study is river and lake-groundwater interaction zone along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. We collected groundwater samples from two confined aquifer profile and one phreatic aquifer profile in monsoon season and non-monsoon season to conduct hydrogeochemical analysis and identify the controlling factors of nitrogen enrichment by random forest regression.
Results
The results indicate that the main form of nitrogen in groundwater is ammonium (NH₄-N). The content of NH₄-N in confined groundwater (0.37～4.96 mg/L, average value, 2.07 mg/L) during monsoon season is obviously higher than that in the pore phreatic water (0～0.096 mg/L, average value, 0.012 mg/L). The low concentration of Cl⁻ / SO₄²⁻ and high concentration of CO₂ / HCO₃⁻ indicate that the NH₄-N enrichment is closely related to the mineralization of nitrogen-bearing organic matter under natural origin condition. In contrast with confined groundwater, the concentration of NH₄-N (average value, 1.25 mg/L) in the pore phreatic water during non-monsoon season is significantly higher than that (average value, 0.032 mg/L) during monsoon season. It shows prominent seasonal variation, and the concentration of Fe / Mn is also relatively high.
Conclusion
Combined with water-level fluctuation condition, the pore phreatic water is greatly affected by human activities, and the feammox can occur after NH₄-N enrichment in the aquifer. This study can enrich the understanding about the occurrence regularity of nitrogen in the river and lake-groundwater interaction zone. In addition, it can provide theoretical basis for the biogeochemical processes associated with the nitrogen cycle.
- interaction zone /
- water-level fluctuation /
- groundwater /
- ammonium /
- organic matter mineralization /
- feammox

HTML全文

图 1 研究区位置及地下水采样点分布图

Figure 1. Location of the study area and distribution of groundwater sampling points

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 丰水期不同剖面地下水中NH₄-N、NO₃⁻以及NO₂⁻质量浓度变化图

Figure 2. Change of the concentration of NH₄-N/ NO₃⁻/ NO₂⁻ in groundwater of different profiles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 丰水期不同剖面地下水中NH₄-N与不同化学组分的相关性图

Figure 3. Relationship between NH₄-N and different chemical component in groundwater of different profiles

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图 4 地表水水位（洪湖/长江）以及地下水水位（承压水/潜水）变化图

Figure 4. Change of the surface water level(Honghu Lake and Yangtze River) and groundwater level (confined groundwater and phreatic water)

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图 5 丰水期和枯水期承压水(a)以及潜水(b)中NH₄-N、NO₃⁻以及NO₂⁻质量浓度变化图

Figure 5. Change of the concentration of NH₄-N，NO₃⁻，NO₂⁻ in confined groundwater (a) and phreatic water (b) during monsoon season and non-monsoon season

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图 6 丰水期和枯水期承压水以及潜水中不同化学组分的变化图

Figure 6. Change of different chemical component in confined groundwater and phreatic water during monsoon season and non-monsoon season

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图 7 随机森林模型各影响因子对NH₄-N的特征重要性

Figure 7. Characteristic importance of each influencing factor to ammonium by the random forest model

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图 8 丰水期不同剖面地下水中NH₄-N与As，Fe（II），S（−II）的相关性图

Figure 8. Relationship among NH₄-N and As, Fe(II), S(−II) in groundwater of different profiles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 丰水期和枯水期承压水以及潜水中COD质量浓度

Table 1. The content of COD in confined groundwater and phreatic water during monsoon season and non-monsoon season

采样期承压水潜水

CG16 CG17 CG18 SG2 SG3 SG5

枯水期 2.22 3.04 0.98 5.18 5.92 3.29

丰水期 2.35 2.80 1.13 3.76 3.13 1.76

下载: 导出CSV

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