鄂尔多斯盆地旬邑地区典型断缝体露头内部结构精细刻画

任川; 刘传喜; 吕钊宇; 秦学杰; 夏冬冬; 何维领; 刘洪平; 冯文杰

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240522

鄂尔多斯盆地旬邑地区典型断缝体露头内部结构精细刻画

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240522

1.
长江大学非常规油气地质与工程湖北省工程研究中心，武汉 430100
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院，北京 100083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42130813）

详细信息

作者简介:
任川：E-mail：renchuan0222@163.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：fwj1017@yangtzeu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P618.13
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- 文章访问数: 298
- PDF下载量: 29
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-13
- 录用日期: 2025-01-02
- 修回日期: 2025-01-02
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-23

Fine characterization of internal structure of typical fault-fracture reservoir outcrops in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

1.
Hubei Engineering Research Center of Unconventional Petroleum Geology and Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
2.
Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：renchuan0222@163.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：fwj1017@yangtzeu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
鄂尔多斯盆地南部的断缝体油藏开采前景较好，但其内部结构复杂多变，现有研究难以支撑断缝体油藏精细表征。为明确断缝体内部结构特征的变化规律，采用无人机倾斜摄影技术，对旬邑地区多种典型断缝体露头进行高精度采样和建模，利用自研软件采集并分析断缝体数据，开展其内部结构特征和裂缝发育规律研究。结果表明：①旬邑地区发育张扭型（半负花式、地堑式）、纯走滑（平移式）、压扭型（正花式）3类断缝体；②综合野外露头断层发育情况、岩层形态、裂缝发育特征等参数，将断缝体划分为破碎带、裂缝带和基质带，不同类型断缝体结构模式和定量规律差异较大；③裂缝密度受断缝体类型、断距、断层间距、断块位置和砂层厚度影响，总体为地堑式断缝体最高，半负花式断缝体次之，平移式和正花式断缝体最低；断距越大、断层间距越小、岩层厚度越低裂缝越发育；同一断缝体中，不同断块内的裂缝密度呈现出不同的变化趋势。本研究明确了4种断缝体的模式和定量规律，总结了不同因素对裂缝密度的影响，为地下同类储层表征提供了符合地质实际的定量断缝体结构依据。
- 鄂尔多斯盆地 /
- 断缝体 /
- 发育模式 /
- 内部结构 /
- 裂缝密度
Abstract: <p>The fault-fracture reservoirs in southern Ordos Basin are characterized by large reserves, high oil abundance, and promising development prospects. However, their internal structures are complex and variable, and existing research cannot adequately support fine characterization of these fault-fracture reservoirs. </p></sec><sec><title>Objective
To clarify the variation rules of the internal structural characteristics of fault-fracture reservoirs and construct a detailed model of fault-fracture reservoir development,
Methods
this study employed unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) oblique photography technology for high-precision sampling and modeling of typical fault-fracture reservoir outcrops in Xunyi area. The self-developed software was used to collect and analyze the three-dimensional data from fault-fracture reservoirs, enabling a deeper investigation into their internal structural characteristics and fault-fracture development rules.
Results
The results showed that: (1) Three types of fault-fracture reservoirs were developed in Xunyi area, namely transtensional type (half-negative flower pattern, graben pattern), pure strike-slip type (closed translational pattern), and compressional-transpressional type (horst pattern). (2) Based on comprehensive parameters such as fault development, rock stratum morphology, and fracture development characteristics of field outcrops, fault-fracture reservoirs were classified into sliding breaking zones, induced fracture zones, and substrate zones. The structural models and quantitative rules of different fault-fracture reservoirs exhibited significant differences, with only fault-fracture reservoirs with the half-negative flower pattern and graben pattern developing wide sliding breaking zones. (3) The fracture density was influenced by the fault-fracture reservoir type, fault separation, fault spacing, fault block location, and sand layer thickness. In general, the highest fracture density was observed in the fault-fracture reservoirs with graben pattern, followed by the fault-fracture reservoirs with half-negative flower pattern, while the lowest density was found in the fault-fracture reservoirs with closed translational and horst patterns. The fracture development increased with larger fault separation, smaller fault spacing, and thinner rock strata. Within the same fault-fracture reservoir, fracture density varied across different fault blocks.
Conclusion
This study identifies the models and corresponding quantitative rules of fault-fracture reservoirs with four patterns, summarizes the effects of various factors on fracture density, and provides more geologically accurate quantitative structural characteristics of fault-fracture reservoirs for underground reservoir characterization.
- Ordos Basin /
- fault-fracture reservoir /
- developmental pattern /
- internal structure /
- fracture density

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图 1 研究区及其周边构造纲要图（据文献[32]修改）

Figure 1. Structural outline of the study area and its surroundings

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图 2 枣林河C三维数字露头模型(a)及裂缝片三维测量(b)

Figure 2. 3D digital outcrop model(a) and 3D measurement of fracture slices (b) of Zaolin River C

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 淌泥河−养路段北露头断缝体识别

a. 断缝体单元特征； b. 破碎带岩层； c. 破碎带裂缝走向平面投影； d. 裂缝带岩层； e. 基质带岩层

Figure 3. Identification of fault-fracture reservoirs in northern outcrops of Tangni River-Yanglu section

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图 4 枣林河A(a, b)、B(c, d)、C(e, f)和马宝泉(g, h)露头断缝体平面解剖

a，c，e，g. 正射投影平面解剖；b，d，f，h. 砂体平面解剖。露头位置见图1b

Figure 4. Profile maps of fault-fracture reservoirs in Zaolin River A (a, b), B (c, d), C (e, f), and Mabaoquan (g, h) outcrops

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图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地旬邑地区断缝体类型划分

Figure 5. Classification of fault-fracture reservoir types in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

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图 6 破碎带宽度与断距关系(a)和不同类型断缝体与破碎带宽度关系(b)

Figure 6. Relationships between sliding breaking zone width and fault separation (a), and between different types of fault-fracture reservoirs and sliding breaking zone width (b)

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图 7 不同类型断缝体裂缝密度变化曲线

Figure 7. Fracture density variation curves of different types of fault-fracture reservoirs

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 断距(a)、断层间距(b)、砂层厚度(c)对裂缝平均密度的影响

IQR. 四分位距，表示数据25%（Q1，下四分位）至75%（Q3，上四分位）；1.5IQR. 上界通常取Q3+1.5*IQRQ3+1.5*IQR内的最大值, 下界通常取Q1−1.5*IQRQ1−1.5*IQR内的最小值，范围之外为异常值

Figure 8. Fault separation (a), fault spacing (b) and sand layer thickness (c) on average fracture density

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图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地旬邑地区断缝体的平面图(a)和发育模式图(b～e)

Figure 9. Plan view (a) and development models (b-e) of fault-fracture reservoirs in Xunyi area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同类型断缝体带单元特征和分布差异

Table 1. Characteristics and distribution differences of different types of fault-fracture reservoir zone units

断缝体类型	半负花式	地堑式	平移式	正花式
断层特征	1条张扭性主断层主控，4条次级断层协同控制	2条张扭性断层主控	1条纯走滑断层主控	2条压扭性断层主控
破碎带特征	总体较为分散，由多个断层控制，主断层附近下降盘内破碎带宽度最大，连通性较好，发育6组裂缝，其余破碎带在远处的次级断层附近零星分布，发育2～5组裂缝，宽度较小	主要位于下降盘内，其破碎程度、连通性、宽度最大，发育6组裂缝，其余破碎带破碎程度较低，带内发育2～4组裂缝，连通性差，宽度小	靠近断层集中分布，破碎程度较高，发育3～4组裂缝	临近断层发育，破碎带岩层破碎程度较高，发育5组裂缝
裂缝带特征	主要分布在断缝体边部，总体与破碎带交替发育，宽度变化大，发育2组裂缝	主要分布在2条断层外侧的断块内，与破碎带交替分布，发育2组裂缝	通常分布在破碎带外侧，发育1～2组裂缝	主要分布在断缝体边部，发育2组裂缝
实例	枣林河A露头断缝体	枣林河B露头断缝体	枣林河C露头断缝体	马宝泉露头断缝体

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