滇东南那能金矿矿床成因：来自硫化物原位微量元素和同位素的证据

管继云; 张七道; 曹毅; 徐磊; 兰开军; 孙康; 赵洋

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240520

滇东南那能金矿矿床成因：来自硫化物原位微量元素和同位素的证据

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240520

管继云^{1, 2,},
张七道^{1, 2, ,},
曹毅³,
徐磊^{1, 2},
兰开军^{1, 2},
孙康⁴,
赵洋⁵

1 .
中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心，昆明 650100
2 .
中国地质学会热液型金铜多金属矿成矿规律与有效勘查技术创新基地，昆明 650100
3 .
中国地质大学（北京）地球科学与资源学院，北京 100083
4 .
中国地质调查局地球物理调查中心，河北廊坊 065000
5 .
中国地质调查局廊坊自然资源综合调查中心，河北廊坊 065000

基金项目: 云南省基础研究计划项目（202401AT070202）、中国地质调查局项目（DD20220981）

详细信息

作者简介:
管继云：E-mail：898637831@qq.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：500676421@qq.com

中图分类号: P611.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 181
- PDF下载量: 20
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-11
- 录用日期: 2024-11-08
- 修回日期: 2024-10-10
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-28

Genesis of the Naneng gold deposit in southeastern Yunnan: Evidence from in-situ trace elements and isotopes of sulfides

GUAN Jiyun^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Qidao^{1, 2
, ,},
CAO Yi³,
XU Lei^{1, 2},
LAN Kaijun^{1, 2},
SUN Kang⁴,
ZHAO Yang⁵

1 .
Kunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Kunming 650100, China
2 .
Innovation Base for Metallogenic Regularity and Effective Exploration Technology of Hydrothermal Gold-Copper Polymetallic Deposits, Geological Society of China, Kunming 650100, China
3 .
School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
4 .
Center for Geophysical Survey, China Geological Survey, Langfang Hebei 065000, China
5 .
Langfang Comprehensive Survey Center of Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Langfang Hebei 065000, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：898637831@qq.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：500676421@qq.com

摘要

摘要:
那能金矿床是滇东南地区一个重要的中型卡林型金矿，研究其矿床成因对在滇东南地区寻找此类金矿床具有重要意义。在详细的野外调研和室内观察中发现那能金矿发育两个世代黄铁矿（PyI和PyII），利用LA-ICP-MS技术对载金矿物黄铁矿和毒砂进行了原位微量元素和硫同位素分析，探讨了成矿物质来源和矿床成因。LA-ICP-MS分析结果显示PyI含有一定量的Au（均值6.37×10⁻⁶），主要富集Co、Ni、Se、W等元素；与PyI相比，PyII微量元素分布特征相似，但Au质量分数（均值68.02×10⁻⁶）偏高，相对富集Au、As、Sb、Cu等元素；毒砂中Au质量分数均值为36.02×10⁻⁶，主要富集As、Ni、Sb、Se、Au等元素，Zn、Ag、Hg、Tl元素含量较低。载金矿物δ³⁴S值分布范围较为一致，主要集中在13.7‰～16.5‰，暗示载金矿物的S可能主要来自于围岩地层。初步认为在那能金矿形成过程中，富含Au、As、Sb等微量元素的中低温热液流体，在相对稳定的环境中形成PyI黄铁矿，少量Au以固溶体（Au⁺）形式与PyI同时沉淀，在PyII阶段，区内强烈的构造活动使得成矿流体上涌，与围岩地层发生硫化反应后，流体中H₂S浓度降低，Au-HS络合物失稳，Au过饱和沉淀后以纳米级包裹体（Au⁰）形式在PyII黄铁矿中大量富集。
- 载金矿物 /
- LA-ICP-MS /
- 原位S同位素 /
- 矿床成因 /
- 那能金矿
Abstract: Objective
The Naneng gold deposit is an important medium-sized Carlin type gold deposit in southeastern Yunnan, and studying its genesis is of great significance for searching for such gold deposits in southeastern Yunnan.
Methods
Two generations of pyrite (PyI and PyII) were found to develop in the Naneng gold deposit during detailed field survey and indoor observation, and trace elements and sulfur isotopes of gold-bearing minerals are analyzed by LA-ICP-MS to constrain the source of ore-forming materials and ore genesis.
Results
LA-ICP-MS analyses show that PyI contains a small amount of Au (mean 6.37×10⁻⁶), which is relatively enriched in elements such as Co, Ni, Se, W; The distribution characteristics of trace elements in PyII and PyI are similar, but the content of Au (mean 68.02×10⁻⁶) is relatively high, and As, Sb, Cu elements are enriched in PyII; The average Au content of arsenopyrite is 36.02×10⁻⁶, and arsenopyrite is mainly enriched in elements such as As、Ni、Sb、Se、Au, while Zn, Ag, Hg and Tl elements are low. In addition, gold-bearing minerals in the Naneng gold deposit have consistent in situ δ³⁴S values, ranging from 13.7‰ to 16.5‰, indicating that the S of gold-bearing minerals mainly come from the surrounding rocks.
Conclusion
It is preliminarily concluded that PyI was formed in a relatively stable environment by medium to low temperature hydrothermal fluid from the same source rich in trace elements such as Au、As、Sb, and a small amount of Au precipitated simultaneously with PyI in the form of solid solution (Au⁺). In the PyII stage, the intense tectonic activity in the area caused ore-forming fluid to upswell, and after sulfidation reaction with surrounding rock strata, the concentration of H₂S in the fluid decreased, Au-HS complex became unstable, and Au supersaturated precipitation was enriched in PyII in the form of nanoscale inclusions (Au⁰).
- gold-bearing mineral /
- LA-ICP-MS /
- in situ sulfur isotope /
- ore genesis /
- Naneng gold

HTML全文

图 1 滇黔桂“金三角”卡林型金矿分布图（据^[19]修改）

Figure 1. Distribution map of Carlin-type gold deposits in the "Golden Triangle" of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi (modified by^[19])

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图 2 那能金矿床地质略图

Figure 2. Geological sketch map of the Naneng gold deposit

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图 3 不同期次黄铁矿、其他矿物显微结构及原位硫同位素打点位置

a.长柱状毒砂穿插早期黄铁矿（PyI），后期黄铁矿（PyII）充填在毒砂孔隙中；b.后期黄铁矿（PyII）与毒砂呈共生边结构；c.矿石中少量的炭质；d.矿石中的金红石。Py. 黄铁矿；Apy. 毒砂；C. 炭质；Rt. 金红石

Figure 3. Microstructures of pyrite and other minerals at different stages, and the location of in-situ sulfur isotope dots

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图 4 那能金矿床矿石样品及围岩蚀变照片

a.稠密浸染状矿石；b.条带状黄铁矿矿石；c.围岩蚀变中的硅化；d.围岩蚀变中的铁白云石化。Py. 黄铁矿；Apy. 毒砂；Q. 石英；Ank. 铁白云石

Figure 4. Ore samples and wall-rock alteration photos of the Naneng gold deposit

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图 5 那能金矿矿石样品和部分LA-ICP-MS打点位置

a.细砂岩矿石手标本；b.NN01-1打点位置；c.NN01-3打点位置；d.NN01-5打点位置

Figure 5. Photos of ore sample and some analyzed spots of LA-ICP-MS

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图 6 那能金矿载金矿物δ³⁴S直方图

Figure 6. Frequency histogram of in situ sulfur isotope compositions for gold-bearing minerals

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图 7 那能金矿床元素相关性分析图解

Figure 7. Correlation diagram of elements in the Naneng gold deposit

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图 8 那能金矿床黄铁矿（PyI）LA-ICP-MS微量元素面扫描

Figure 8. LA-ICP-MS trace element Mapping of pyrite (PyI) in the Naneng gold deposit

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图 9 那能金矿床黄铁矿（PyII）和毒砂LA-ICP-MS微量元素面扫描

Figure 9. LA-ICP-MS trace element Mapping of pyrite (PyII) and arsenopyrite in the Naneng gold deposit

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图 10 那能金矿床载金矿物激光剥蚀信号图

Figure 10. LA-ICPMS erosionsignal curve of gold-bearing minerals trace elements in Naneng gold deposit

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图 11 那能金矿δ³⁴S值与邻区卡林型金矿床δ³⁴S值对比

Figure 11. Comparison of δ³⁴S values between Naneng gold deposit and neighboring Carlin-type gold deposit

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图 12 那能金矿载金矿物Co-Ni关系图

Figure 12. Co、Ni relationship diagram of gold-bearing minerals in Naneng gold deposit

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表 1 那能金矿床载金矿物LA-ICP-MS 微量元素分析结果

Table 1. LA-ICP-MS trace element analysis results of gold-bearing mineral in Naneng gold deposit

点号	矿物	Fe	S	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn	As	Se	Ag	Sn	Sb	W	Au	Hg	Tl	Pb	Bi
NN01-1-1	PyI	452352	516974	0.66	1.57	10.78	0.00	14668	1.78	0.01	0.18	18.32	1.57	4.43	0.26	0.70	6.21	0.45
NN01-1-2		437831	500378	40.20	285.82	54.16	0.00	28345	1.18	0.06	0.06	4.89	0.26	14.27	0.07	0.00	4.84	0.43
NN01-1-3		453960	518812	3.80	7.71	6.03	1.96	14800	1.48	0.00	0.02	2.36	0.77	4.02	0.06	0.01	1.62	0.08
NN01-1-4		457154	522461	0.85	3.71	6.35	0.58	10291	3.05	0.01	0.36	10.88	7.33	3.29	0.10	0.01	4.46	0.20
NN01-4-1		465036	531470	22.61	26.21	16.41	0.76	11014	3.09	0.01	0.00	0.88	0.26	2.02	0.04	0.00	0.68	0.04
NN01-4-2		438836	501526	54.46	78.42	13.24	0.20	26739	0.00	0.00	0.33	7.23	3.77	10.53	0.00	0.01	5.08	0.47
NN01-2-1		445704	509376	9.91	20.33	5.81	0.55	18089	2.29	0.11	0.00	48.35	0.70	4.24	0.13	0.04	55.66	1.36
NN01-2-2		424530	485178	204.96	375.30	15.42	0.39	29374	2.68	0.00	0.16	17.35	4.33	13.78	0.00	0.01	13.49	1.76
NN01-2-3		428482	489694	70.93	191.76	7.43	0.47	23041	0.00	0.06	0.11	25.07	2.77	3.67	0.05	0.01	23.50	2.74
NN01-2-4		446820	510651	4.46	23.07	10.18	0.29	20612	8.60	0.01	0.25	4.61	2.60	3.45	0.05	0.01	3.57	0.41
平均值		445070	508652	41.29	101.39	14.58	0.52	19697	2.41	0.03	0.15	13.99	2.44	6.37	0.07	0.08	11.91	0.79
NN01-1-5	PyII	435574	497800	0.05	0.42	80.24	0.29	37430	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.03	0.00	103.59	0.04	0.00	0.01	0.00
NN01-1-6		419809	479781	0.37	6.88	76.51	0.41	42446	1.97	0.01	0.05	0.07	0.00	121.72	0.03	0.02	0.36	0.01
NN01-5-3		426610	487554	0.03	0.61	50.98	0.53	30805	0.16	0.02	0.00	5.44	0.00	53.80	0.11	0.08	2.67	0.63
NN01-5-4		412026	470887	0.32	4.44	40.75	0.55	36272	0.99	0.30	0.00	68.19	0.00	54.46	0.10	0.05	66.16	1.77
NN01-5-5		401748	459140	0.72	10.50	64.70	0.56	39901	0.57	0.01	0.06	0.11	0.00	74.63	0.03	0.00	0.05	0.00
NN01-3-4		413568	472649	193.44	482.13	292.36	4.73	32930	0.76	0.11	1.70	65.20	8.15	26.62	0.24	0.12	36.52	3.25
NN01-3-5		405897	463883	6.84	32.09	73.71	0.55	52533	0.00	0.01	0.25	17.22	2.96	41.31	0.08	0.00	14.49	1.29
平均值		416462	475956	28.83	76.72	97.04	1.09	38902	0.64	0.07	0.30	22.32	1.59	68.02	0.09	0.04	17.18	0.99
NN01-3-1	毒砂	322414	184236	5.07	30.44	6.37	0.00	417457	0.00	0.28	0.17	110.69	1.89	55.03	0.42	0.04	6.58	0.72
NN01-3-2		322840	184480	54.94	504.74	2.51	0.00	415697	13.27	0.03	0.00	106.42	0.54	53.87	0.35	0.00	1.88	0.69
NN01-3-3		321162	183521	13.89	56.13	1.78	0.00	419960	0.00	0.00	0.30	90.98	2.16	45.56	0.33	0.01	4.08	0.62
NN01-4-1		324695	185540	2.87	5.88	0.95	0.00	413464	1.42	0.00	0.14	83.93	0.07	23.39	0.15	0.01	1.14	0.22
NN01-4-2		323804	185031	39.35	298.57	5.10	0.00	413584	4.53	0.03	0.00	116.35	1.78	70.17	0.34	0.01	4.72	0.58
NN01-4-3		324423	185385	0.09	11.95	0.53	0.06	413218	21.16	0.01	0.00	71.89	0.03	31.16	0.01	0.02	0.10	0.03
NN01-5-1		324981	185703	19.50	5.34	1.00	0.11	405414	6.18	0.00	0.41	368.90	5.02	0.77	0.14	0.05	9.97	2.73
NN01-5-2		326103	186345	1.16	8.30	2.21	0.30	405725	6.05	0.00	0.37	83.34	4.82	8.20	0.13	0.02	1.76	0.26
平均值		323803	185030	17.11	115.17	2.56	0.06	413065	6.58	0.04	0.17	129.06	2.04	36.02	0.23	0.02	3.78	0.73

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表 2 那能金矿载金矿物硫同位素组成

Table 2. Sulfur isotope composition of gold-bearing minerals in Naneng gold deposit

样品编号	矿物	δ(³⁴S)/‰	2a/‰
NN01 - 1	黄铁矿（PyI）	16.2	0.1
NN01 - 2	黄铁矿（PyI）	16.2	0.1
NN01 - 9	黄铁矿（PyI）	14.8	0.1
NN01 - 6	黄铁矿（PyII）	13.9	0.1
NN01 - 7	黄铁矿（PyII）	16.3	0.1
NN01 - 8	黄铁矿（PyII）	16.5	0.1
NN01 - 12	黄铁矿（PyII）	15.1	0.1
NN01 - 3	毒砂	13.9	0.1
NN01 - 4	毒砂	13.7	0.1
NN01 - 5	毒砂	15.8	0.1
NN01 - 10	毒砂	14.7	0.1
NN01 - 11	毒砂	15.8	0.1

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