深水少井条件下重力流水道隔夹层识别与预测

李达; 陶倩倩; 刘娜; 叶蓉; 李华

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240455

深水少井条件下重力流水道隔夹层识别与预测

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240455

李达^1,,
陶倩倩¹,
刘娜²,
叶蓉²,
李华^2, ,

1.
中海石油（中国）有限公司海南分公司，海口 570100
2.
长江大学地球科学学院，武汉 430100

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42272115；42272113）

详细信息

作者简介:
李达：E-mail：lida1@cnooc.com.cn

通讯作者:
E-mail：501026@yangtzeu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P631.4
计量
- 文章访问数: 104
- PDF下载量: 20
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-15
- 录用日期: 2025-01-12
- 修回日期: 2024-12-30
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-08

Identification and prediction of gravity flow channel interlayers under deep-water and few-well conditions

LI Da^1
,,
TAO Qianqian¹,
LIU Na²,
YE Rong²,
LI Hua^{2
, ,}

1.
Hainan Branch of CNOOC (China) Ltd., Haikou 570100, China
2.
School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：lida1@cnooc.com.cn

Corresponding author: E-mail：501026@yangtzeu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
琼东南盆地陵水X气田已探明天然气地质储量128.09亿m³，但受限于海域盆地水体深度大、钻井资料少、地震资料分辨率低、隔夹层识别不清，无法满足油气勘探需求。基于岩心、测井和地震资料，建立了隔夹层识别标准，并结合拓频与反演技术，揭示了黄流组重力流水道中不同成因隔夹层展布规律，为油气开发方案部署优化提供了依据。结果表明：①研究区整体为峡谷水道沉积体系，发育重力流水道、水道−堤岸、席状砂、滑塌沉积和深海泥5种微相。②黄流组发育泥质隔层、泥质夹层和钙质夹层。其中，泥质隔夹层具有高自然伽马、高密度、中声波时差以及低电阻特征；钙质夹层则表现为低自然伽马、高密度、低声波时差及高电阻特征。③泥质隔层主要分布在峡谷边缘及外部，呈大规模稳定分布；泥质夹层在峡谷内部水道两翼小规模局限分布；钙质夹层分布面积小且稳定性差。④隔夹层发育受沉积微相控制，重力流能量强时，其多出现在水道两侧堤岸泥沉积区，能量弱时则以深水原地沉积为主。⑤优化新开发井A-1部署方案及其井轨迹，形成了一套隔夹层半定量预测技术。研究成果可为研究区和类似深水气田隔夹层识别及预测、后续油气开发提供理论指导和技术支撑。
- 琼东南盆地 /
- 黄流组 /
- 重力流水道 /
- 沉积微相 /
- 隔夹层 /
- 测井识别
Abstract: Objective
The X gas field of Lingshui in Qiongdongnan Basin has proven natural gas reserves of 12.809 billion cubic meters. However, oil and gas exploration has been hindered by challenges such as the large water depths of the offshore basin, limited well data, low resolution of seismic data, and unclear identification of interlayers, thereby failing to meet the requirements of oil and gas exploration. This study aims to address these challenges by establishing identification criteria for interlayers and optimizing the oil and gas development plan of the X gas field of Lingshui.
Methods
This research utilized core samples, well logging data, and seismic data, which were used to create a set of criteria for identifying interlayers in the Huangliu Formation's gravity flow channels. Additionally, frequency extension and seismic inversion techniques were employed to reveal the distribution patterns of interlayers with different genetic origins in the gravity flow channels of the Huangliu Formation, thus providing a basis for the optimization of oil and gas exploration and development deployment.
Results
The results indicated that: (1) The overall sedimentary system in the study area was a canyon-channel system, characterized by the development of five distinct microfacies: Gravity flow channels, channel-levee complexes, sheet sands, slump deposits, and deep-sea mud. (2) The Huangliu Formation contained mudstone interlayers, mudstone interbeds, and calcareous interbeds. Mudstone interlayers and mudstone interbeds show the characteristics of high natural gamma ray values, high density, moderate acoustic travel time, and low resistivity, while calcareous interbeds were distinguished by low natural gamma ray values, high density, low acoustic travel time, and high resistivity. (3) Mudstone interlayers predominantly occurred in the external and marginal areas of the canyon, forming a large-scale stable distribution, while mudstone interbeds were confined to small, local areas on the flanks of the canyon channels. Calcareous interbeds have a small distribution area and poor stability. (4) The development of these interlayers was influenced by the sedimentary microfacies. When the gravity flow energy was strong, interlayers were more commonly found in the levee mud deposits along the channel sides. Conversely, when the energy was low, interlayers were dominated by deep-water in-situ deposits. (5) An optimized deployment plan and well trajectory for the newly developed Well A-1 were proposed, leading to the establishment of a semi-quantitative prediction techniques for interlayers, which improves support for subsequent oil and gas exploration and development.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the results of this study provide significant theoretical and technical support for the identification, prediction, and subsequent oil and gas development in X gas field of Lingshui and similar deep-water gas fields. The technical methodology established in this study is expected to improve the exploration efficiency and optimizing the development strategies of deep-water hydrocarbon reservoirs.
- Qiongdongnan Basin /
- Huangliu Formation /
- gravity flow channel /
- sedimentary microfacies /
- interlayer /
- well logging identification

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图 1 研究区位置(a)和地层综合柱状图(b)

Figure 1. Location (a) and composite stratigraphic column (b) of the study area

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图 2 沉积微相特征

a.X-1井，砂岩，粒序层理，箱形及漏斗形测井相；b. 剖面B-B'，U形地震特征；c. X-7井，微齿化箱形、钟形测井相；d. 剖面D-D'，海鸥翼形地震特征；e. X-6井，中高幅齿化箱形、指形及微齿化测井相；f. 剖面F-F'，席状地震特征；g. 研究区井位分布图。GR. 自然伽马；RACEHM. 衰减电阻率，高频；RACELM. 衰减电阻率，低频；CNCF. 补偿中子；DTC. 声波时差；P40H. 长源距相位电阻率；P16H. 短源距相位电阻率；TWT. 双程旅行时间；下同

Figure 2. Characteristics of sedimentary microfacies

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图 3 陵水X气田黄流组隔夹层岩心特征

a，b. X-1井，3690 m，泥质隔层，灰色泥岩；c，d. X-1井，3727 m，泥质夹层，灰色泥岩；e，f. X-1井，3894 m，钙质夹层，灰色钙质粉砂岩；a，c，e. 岩心顶部照片；b，d，f. 岩心侧面照片

Figure 3. Core characteristics of interlayers in Huangliu Formation, X gas field, Lingshui

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图 4 陵水X气田黄流组隔夹层物性交会图

Figure 4. Petrophysical crossplot of interlayers in Huangliu Formation, X gas field, Lingshui

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图 5 泥质隔层、泥质夹层和钙质夹层测井响应图版

a.X-1井，泥质隔层；b. X-1井，泥质夹层；c. X-2井，钙质夹层。井位见图2g

Figure 5. Well logging response chart for mudstone interlayers, mudstone interbeds, and calcareous interbeds

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图 6 X-1井隔夹层测井参数GR-RHOB (a)和DTC-RACEHM (b)交会图

Figure 6. Well logging parameter crossplots of GR-RHOB (a) and DTC-RACEHM (b) for interlayers in Well X-1

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图 7 地震剖面拓频处理前后对比（剖面位置见图2g中剖面B-B'）

a. 原始地震剖面，主频17 Hz，频宽5～50 Hz；b. 拓频地震剖面，主频30 Hz，频宽5～80 Hz。T₃₀, T₄₀均为地震界面编号，下同

Figure 7. Section comparison before and after frequency extension processing

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图 8 黄流阻隔夹层测井参数GR与DTC交会分析图

Figure 8. Crossplot analysis of well logging parameters of GR and DTC for interlayers in the Huangliu Formation

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图 9 N-S-3连井反演剖面（剖面位置见图2g中剖面B-B'）

Figure 9. N-S-3 cross-well inversion profile

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图 10 X-1井区隔夹层内部夹层划分（IL-bottom，IL-2，IL-3，IL-top为黄流组隔夹层细划分的界面名称；剖面位置见图2g中剖面B-B'；下同）

Figure 10. Internal subdivision of interlayers within X-1 well area

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图 11 隔夹层厚度展布特征

Figure 11. Thickness distribution characteristics of interlayers

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图 12 新开发井轨迹GR波形反演地震剖面（PERM. 渗透率；POR. 孔隙度）

Figure 12. Seismic profile along trajectory of newly developed well based on GR waveform inversion

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表 1 陵水X气田黄流组隔夹层定性识别标准

Table 1. Qualitative identification criteria of interlayers in Huangliu Formation, X gas field, Lingshui

测井曲线	隔夹层类型
测井曲线	泥质隔层	泥质夹层	钙质夹层
岩性	厚层泥岩	薄层泥岩、粉砂质泥岩	钙质粉砂岩
GR	高值，波动幅度差小	高值或略增加	低值
DTC	高值且变化不大	高值	低值
RACEHM，RACELM	低值	中等	明显高值且呈尖峰状
VSH	高值	较高	低值
注：VSH. 泥质含量，下同

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 陵水X气田黄流组夹层定量识别标准

Table 2. Quantitative identification criteria of interlayers in Huangliu Formation, X gas field, Lingshui

夹层分类	RHOB/（g·cm⁻³）	DTC/（μs· m⁻¹）		GR/API		RACEHM/（Ω·m⁻¹）
夹层分类	RHOB/（g·cm⁻³）	范围	平均	范围	平均	RACEHM/（Ω·m⁻¹）
泥质隔层	2.55～2.57	88.1～107.9	90.8	116.5～125	120	2.7～5
泥质夹层	2.56～2.575	63.4～91.3	76.8	92～110.9	104	4.5～7
钙质夹层	大于2.575	61.2～76.1	71.01	76.3～90.6	88.2	7～10.55
注：RHOB. 密度，下同

下载: 导出CSV

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