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地质岩心钻孔轨迹控制技术研究进展

潘德元 熊亮 王杰 蔡隽

潘德元,熊亮,王杰,等. 地质岩心钻孔轨迹控制技术研究进展[J]. 地质科技通报,2025,${article_volume}(0):1-13 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240373
引用本文: 潘德元,熊亮,王杰,等. 地质岩心钻孔轨迹控制技术研究进展[J]. 地质科技通报,2025,${article_volume}(0):1-13 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240373
PAN Deyuan,XIONG Liang,WANG Jie,et al. Research progress on trajectory control technology for geological core drilling[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology,2025,${article_volume}(0):1-13 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240373
Citation: PAN Deyuan,XIONG Liang,WANG Jie,et al. Research progress on trajectory control technology for geological core drilling[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology,2025,${article_volume}(0):1-13 doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240373

地质岩心钻孔轨迹控制技术研究进展

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240373
基金项目: 中国地质调查局项目(DD20240012);国家重点研发计划 (2021YFB3401400)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    潘德元:E-mail:pandyice@163.com

    通讯作者:

    E-mail:36.8du@126.com

Research progress on trajectory control technology for geological core drilling

More Information
  • 摘要:

    地质岩心钻探是地质勘查的重要技术手段之一,其中钻孔的实钻轨迹是钻孔质量的重要参数,不仅影响着钻探施工时的孔内安全,也关系着地质勘查的质量和精度。地质岩心钻探中具有钻孔直径小、管柱强度低、要求连续地质取心等限制条件,导致地质岩心钻孔轨迹控制难度大。通过系统梳理地质岩心钻孔的轨迹控制方法,对其进行了分类和归纳整理。主要为以下几个方面:初级定向孔技术以完成目的层取心为首要目的,分析了钻孔倾角、方位、位移等参数的设计方法和随深度变化情况,明确了该技术的适用条件和缺点,为初级定向孔技术在500 m以浅钻孔施工使用提供了思路,同时指出深孔应配合其他措施使用;围绕地质钻探满眼钻具技术,分析了常规绳索取心满眼钻具和大口径绳索取心满眼钻具的使用情况,提出了绳索取心满眼钻具管柱力学理论;围绕受控定向钻进技术,分析了在钻孔纠斜和侧钻绕障方面的应用,指出了不同方法的优缺点,表明小口径井底动力钻具优势明显,但是受地质取心工艺要求的影响,在地质钻探中具有较多限制。通过对地质岩心钻孔轨迹控制技术现状的回顾和分析,明确了影响钻孔轨迹的关键因素以及控制钻孔轨迹的多种技术,可为提高地质钻探的勘查精度提供有益参考和研究思路。

     

  • 图 1  初级定向孔原理

    ①为按照设计开孔角度钻进但受地层自然弯曲影响的轨迹;②为钻孔设计见矿轨迹;③为根据地层自然弯曲规律调整开孔角度后的钻进轨迹;④根据地层自然弯曲规律调整开孔位置的钻进轨迹。可见轨迹偏离设计位置较大距离,导致控制矿脉的长度缩短,勘查精度降低;③④见矿位置满足勘探要求

    Figure 1.  Principle of primary directional borehole

    图 2  钻杆接头磨损情况

    Figure 2.  Wear condition of drill pipe joint

    图 3  绳索取心钻头及下扩孔器

    Figure 3.  Rope core drilling bit and lower reamer

    图 4  绳索取心钻杆扶正器[43]

    Figure 4.  Rope coring drill pipe centralizer

    图 5  大口径加重管绳索取心钻具[44-45]

    Figure 5.  Large caliber weighted pipe rope core drilling tool

    图 6  绳索取心满眼钻具组合结构

    Figure 6.  Packed hole assemble of wire-line core

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2024-07-05
  • 录用日期:  2024-09-30
  • 修回日期:  2024-09-29
  • 网络出版日期:  2025-02-26

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