鄂尔多斯盆地临兴地区本溪组铝土岩储层特征及其发育控制因素

吴见; 杨昊宇; 徐延勇; 蒋庆灵; 袁隐; 伏海蛟; 王小明; 庞智英; 吴鹏

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230657

鄂尔多斯盆地临兴地区本溪组铝土岩储层特征及其发育控制因素

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230657

1 .
中联煤层气有限责任公司，北京 100011
2 .
中国地质大学（武汉）资源学院，武汉 430074

基金项目: 中联煤层气有限责任公司重点科技项目“铝土质泥岩潜力评价与工艺研究”

详细信息

作者简介:
吴见：E-mail：ilcby@163.com

通讯作者:
E-mail：yhydaze@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-27
- 录用日期: 2024-01-02
- 修回日期: 2023-12-21
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-05

Reservoir characteristics and development control factors of Benxi Formation bauxite in Linxing area of Ordos Basin

1 .
China United Coalbed Methane Co., LTD., Beijing 100011, China
2 .
School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China

More Information

Author Bio:
E-mail：ilcby@163.com

Corresponding author: E-mail：yhydaze@163.com

摘要

摘要:
近年来，鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区太原组铝土岩气勘探取得了重大突破，吸引了国内外的广泛关注。同期，临兴地区本溪组铝土岩气也取得了一定进展，但对于该区铝土岩储层特征及其发育控制因素认识不清，制约了勘探进程。为了明确临兴地区本溪组铝土岩的储层特征与控制因素，通过开展全岩X射线衍射（XRD）、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、高压压汞、氮气吸附、二氧化碳吸附、常规孔渗检测等分析手段，对铝土岩储层的矿物组成、孔隙结构、储层物性等进行了精细表征，并结合地震测井等资料对铝土岩储层发育的控制因素进行了探讨。研究表明：临兴地区本溪组铝土岩中含铝矿物主要为硬水铝石，孔隙类型主要为粒内溶孔、粒间溶孔、基质溶孔、晶间孔以及微裂隙，偶见有机质孔。此外，铝土岩孔隙体积主要由介孔和宏孔提供，孔峰分布范围主要为30～70，80～130，4～13 μm。再次，铝土岩储层物性条件一般，孔隙度平均为3.28%，渗透率平均为1.398×10⁻³ μm²，但底部硬水铝石含量较高层段仍具有较好的物性条件。最后，临兴地区铝土岩储层发育受控于古地貌形态、古沉积环境和成岩作用，其中，洼地和沟槽的古地貌形态和封闭−半封闭的间歇沼泽和泻湖沉积环境控制了铝土岩的富集和分布，成岩作用则是在沉积环境基础上控制了铝土岩储层储集空间类型和物性条件。
- 临兴地区 /
- 本溪组 /
- 铝土岩储层 /
- 储层特征 /
- 储层发育控制因素
Abstract: <p>In recent years, the bauxite gas exploration of Taiyuan Formation in Longdong area of Ordos Basin has made a major breakthrough, which has attracted wide attention at home and abroad. In the same period, the bauxite rock gas of Benxi Formation in Linxing area has also made some progress, but the characteristics and controlling factors of bauxite reservoir in this area are unclear, which restrict the exploration process. </p></sec><sec><title>Objective
In order to identify the reservoir characteristics and control factors of Benxi Formation bauxite in Linxing area,
Methods
The paper carried out XRD, casting sheet image, SEM-EDS, mercury intrusion porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption, carbon dioxide adsorption, routine porosity detection and other analysis methods. The mineral composition, pore structure and physical properties of the bauxite reservoir are characterized, and the controlling factors of the development of the bauxite reservoir are discussed based on seismic logging data.
Conclusion
The results show that the aluminum-bearing minerals in the bauxite of Benxi Formation in Linxing area are mainly diaspore, and the pore types are mainly intra granular pores, intergranular pores, matrix pores, intergranular pores and micro-cracks, and occasionally organic pores. In addition, the pore volume of bauxite rocks is mainly provided by mesoporous and macroporous pores, and the distribution range of pore peaks is mainly 30-70 nm, 80-130 nm and 4-13 μm. Thirdly, the physical property conditions of the bauxite reservoir are general, with an average porosity of 3.28% and an average permeability of 1.398×10⁻³ μm², but the upper section with higher content of diaspore at the bottom still has better physical property conditions. Finally, the development of bauxite reservoir in Linxing area is controlled by palaeo-geomorphology, palaeo-sedimentary environment and diagenesis. Among them, The accumulation and distribution of bauxite are controlled by the paleogeomorphology of depressions and troughs and the enclosed and semi-enclosed intermittent swamps and lagoons sedimentary environment, while diagenesis controls the reservoir space type and physical property conditions of bauxite reservoirs based on the sedimentary environment.
- Linxing area /
- Benxi Formation /
- bauxite reservoir /
- reservoir characteristics /
- controlling factor of reservoir development

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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴地区地质综合图

a. 鄂尔多斯盆地构造单元及临兴地区位置，据文献[12]修改；b. 临兴地区A号钻孔柱状图。GR. 自然伽马，API；CNCF. 补偿中子；ZDEN. 密度，g/cm³；M2RX. 高分辨感应电阻率

Figure 1. Geological comprehensive map of Linxing area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 临兴地区本溪组铝土岩矿物特征

a. 2002.31 m，单偏光，鲕粒结构；b. 2002.97 m，单偏光，碎屑状硬水铝石，具有定向性；c. 2003.15 m，单偏光，硬水铝石微晶集合体基质溶孔；d. 2003.15 m，扫描电镜，黏土矿物填充于溶蚀孔；e. 1999.85 m，单偏光，自生黄铁矿；f. 2003.15 m，扫描电镜，草莓状黄铁矿发育晶间孔

Figure 2. Mineral characteristics of bauxite rock in Benxi Formation of A borehole in Linxing area

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图 3 临兴地区A井本溪组铝土岩孔隙特征

a. 1996.43 m，碎屑矿物溶蚀孔隙被黏土矿物充填；b. 2003.15 m，硬水铝石粒间溶孔；c. 2003.15 m，粒间孔内充填硬水铝石和黏土矿物等；d. 2003.15 m，硬水铝石晶间孔和微裂隙；e. 1999.85 m，黄铁矿晶间孔和有机质溶孔；f. 2002.31 m，黏土矿物晶间孔；g. 2000.07 m，有机质孔；h. 2000.07 m，金红石微孔隙以及微裂隙

Figure 3. Pore characteristics of bauxite rock of Benxi Formation of A borehole in Linxing area

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图 4 本溪组铝土岩储层孔隙结构分析（1～10均为样品编号，下同）

a. 二氧化碳吸附曲线；b. 低温氮气吸附−解吸曲线；c. 高压压汞进退汞曲线

Figure 4. Pore structure of Benxi Formation bauxite reservoir

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图 5 本溪组铝土岩储层孔径分布图

a. 二氧化碳吸附孔径分布；b. 低温氮气吸附孔径分布；c. 高压压汞孔径分布；d. 全孔径分布

Figure 5. Aperture distribution diagram of Benxi Formation bauxite reservoir

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图 6 储层物性参数与矿物含量相关性图

Figure 6. Correlation diagram of reservoir physical property parameters and mineral content

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图 7 临兴地区A钻孔铝土岩段全烃曲线（①～⑩. 样品编号）

Figure 7. Total hydrocarbon curve of bauxite section of A borehole in Linxing area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 临兴地区本溪组铝土岩分布与古地貌图

a. 本溪组铝土岩厚度分布图；b. 本溪组沉积期古地貌图；c.本溪组深度域古地貌叠合铝土岩厚度图

Figure 8. Bauxite distribution and paleogeomorphological map of Benxi Formation in Linxing area

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图 9 临兴地区铝土岩成岩作用阶段（据文献[28]修改，S. 蒙脱石）

Figure 9. Diagenetic stage of bauxite rock in Linxing area

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表 1 临兴地区本溪组铝土岩XRD分析结果

Table 1. XRD analysis results of bauxite series of Benxi Formation in Linxing area

取心井	样品编号	深度/m	矿物成分质量分数/%
			石英	钛质矿物		铁质矿物		黏土矿物			伊/蒙混层比(I/S)	铝质矿物
			石英	锐钛矿	金红石	黄铁矿	赤铁矿	高岭石	伊利石	伊蒙混层	伊/蒙混层比(I/S)	硬水铝石
A	1	1992.82	16.99	/	/	/	/	40.13	9.33	/	/	33.55
	2	1993.86	27.64	/	/	5.76	/	29.58	/	/	/	37.02
	3	1995.09	/	2.40	/	/	29.73	34.14	4.21	/	/	29.52
	4	1996.43	/	3.69	/	/	2.12	21.78	/	44.25	80%∶20%	28.16
	5	1998.73	3.65	2.81	/	/	1.21	26.54	/	26.95	80%∶20%	38.84
	6	1999.85	/	14.71	/	1.68	/	37.26	1.24	/	/	45.11
	7	2000.07	0.97	2.31	0.1	/	0.80	28.84	/	28.85	80%∶20%	38.13
	8	2002.31	2.44	/	/	/	4.90	41.63	6.17	/	/	44.86
	9	2002.97	/	7.11	0.1	/	4.81	45.91	4.73	/	/	37.34
	10	2003.15	/	/	0.1	14.34	/	10.18	/	/	/	75.38
B	11	2054.80	2.9	2.82	/	/	3.14	53.97	/	21.70	80%∶20%	15.47
	12	2059.20	2.14	4.89	/	/	1.68	55.50	/	/	/	35.79
	13	2065.80	/	5.70	/	/	/	20.87	/	/	/	73.43
C	14	2343.30	3.39	4.23	/	/	1.28	71.35	/	/	/	19.75
	15	2348.20	/	3.12	/	/	/	62.51	3.13	/	/	31.24
	16	2350.80	/	/	/	/	17.32	34.70	/	/	/	47.98
平均		/	3.76	3.36	0.02	1.36	4.19	35.43	4.80	7.61	80%∶20%	39.47

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表 2 临兴地区A井本溪组铝土岩储层低温气体吸附与高压压汞实验孔隙参数

Table 2. Pore parameters of low-temperature gas adsorption and mercury intrusion porosimetry experiments in Benxi Formation bauxite reservoir of A borehole in Linxing area

样品编号	深度/m	CO₂ 吸附			N₂ 吸附			高压压汞
样品编号	深度/m	孔隙体积/(cm³·g⁻¹)	比表面积/(m²·g⁻¹)	孔径/nm	孔隙体积/(cm³·g⁻¹)	比表面积/(m²·g⁻¹)	孔径/nm	孔隙体积/(cm³·g⁻¹)	比表面积/(m²·g⁻¹)	孔径/nm
1	1992.82	0.021	25.372	0.472	0.135	38.748	12.529	0.0033	0.359	37.12
2	1993.86	0.020	25.227	0.472	0.128	35.721	12.897	0.0027	0.248	43.46
3	1995.09	0.013	15.509	0.507	0.090	20.558	14.805	/	/	246.60
4	1996.43	0.018	23.122	0.489	0.125	32.730	13.549	0.0028	0.046	22.62
5	1998.73	0.022	29.597	0.472	0.143	39.550	12.751	0.0029	0.509	/
6	1999.85	0.018	20.420	0.489	0.104	25.375	14.185	0.0001	0.0001	188.60
7	2000.07	0.020	23.533	0.489	0.136	35.632	13.733	0.0010	0.021	354.29
8	2002.31	0.018	20.689	0.489	0.120	31.425	13.845	0.0002	0.003	429.94
9	2002.97	0.017	21.706	0.489	0.121	30.053	14.332	0.0007	0.006	14.56
10	2003.15	0.011	11.802	0.507	0.062	14.416	15.607	0.0035	0.955	37.12
平均	/	0.018	21.136	0.488	0.116	29.843	13.966	0.0019	0.239	246.85

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表 3 临兴地区A井本溪组铝土岩储层物性参数

Table 3. Reservoir physical properties of Benxi Formation bauxite rock of A borehole in Linxing area

样品编号	深度/m	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10⁻³μm²
1	1992.82	1.7	1.212
2	1993.86	1.5	0.494
3	1995.09	2.6	0.922
4	1996.43	0.5	0.203
5	1998.73	3.45	0.604
6	1999.85	4.1	1.924
7	2000.07	0.9	0.128
8	2002.31	5.5	2.224
9	2002.97	2.6	1.853
10	2003.15	9.9	4.418
平均	/	3.28	1.398
陇东^[8]	/	10.65	4.040

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