降雨与开挖作用下黄土滑坡失稳过程分析: 以关中地区长武县杨厂村老庙滑坡为例

卢永兴; 陈剑; 霍志涛; 李毅; 蓝景周; 聂小力; 岳连雄

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0249

降雨与开挖作用下黄土滑坡失稳过程分析: 以关中地区长武县杨厂村老庙滑坡为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0249

1.
中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410600
2.
中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083
3.
中国地质调查局西安矿产资源调查中心, 西安 710000

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目"陕西省咸阳市长武县地质灾害详细调查" 12120115041901

详细信息

作者简介:
卢永兴(1989-), 男, 工程师, 主要从事水工环地质调查与岩土工程等方面研究工作。E-mail: 767960685@qq.com

中图分类号: P642.22
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- 文章访问数: 1017
- PDF下载量: 100
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-08

Analysis of instability process of the loess landslides under rainfall and excavation actions: A case study of Laomiao landslide at Yangchang Village in Changwu County, Guanzhong area

1.
Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, China Geological Survey, Changsha 410600, China
2.
China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3.
Xi'an Mineral Resources Survey, China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710000, China

摘要

摘要:
降雨入渗和人工开挖是诱发黄土滑坡的重要因素, 为了研究在这2种诱因作用下关中地区黄土滑坡失稳过程及其对稳定性的影响, 以陕西省长武县杨厂村老庙滑坡为研究对象, 通过现场调查、地质测绘和钻孔勘探, 查明了该滑坡变形特征, 定性分析了滑坡变形演变过程; 基于滑坡变形前15 d内日降雨量实测值, 采用有限元软件, 对坡脚开挖后连续降雨作用下滑坡形成过程进行了仿真模拟; 基于强度折减法对该滑坡稳定性变化规律进行了研究。结果表明: ①关中地区特殊的地层结构是滑坡变形的内因, 降雨是最主要的诱发因素; ②滑坡失稳演化过程表现为: 坡体处于蠕滑状态, 坡脚开挖后, 坡体前缘失稳, 牵引中后缘坡体向下错动而产生张拉裂缝, 在降雨作用下, 雨水沿裂缝渗入坡体深部, 滑坡中部岩土体浸水后抗剪强度降低, 从而导致黄土层与红黏土层接触面饱水形成贯通滑带, 诱发深层滑坡; ③滑坡开挖后较初始状态, 稳定性系数降幅为0.102, 此后受连续降雨影响, 稳定性系数在前10 d以平均0.010/d的速率缓慢下降, 第10~13 d以0.034/d的速率快速下降至最低, 第13 d以后开始回升。研究结果可以为该类滑坡防治提供有效依据。
- 黄土滑坡 /
- 降雨入渗 /
- 人工开挖 /
- 失稳过程 /
- 稳定性分析 /
- 老庙滑坡
Abstract:
Rainfall infiltration and artificial excavation are important factors inducing the loess landslides. To study the deformation process of loess landslides in the Guanzhong area and its influence on stability under the two inducements, the Laomiao landslide in Yangchang Village, Changwu County, Shaanxi Province is taken as the research object.Through field investigation, geological mapping and borehole exploration, the deformation characteristics of the landslide are determined, and the deformation evolution process of the landslide is qualitatively analyzed. Based on the measured daily rainfall within 15 days before the landslide deformation, the process of landslide formation under continuous rainfall after excavation actions at the slope foot was simulated by using finite element software. Based on the strength reduction method, the stability variation law of the landslide is studied. The results show that: ① the special formation structure in the Guanzhong area is the internal cause of landslide deformation, and rainfall is the most important inducing factor; ②the deformation evolution process of the landslide: at first the slope was in a state of creep. After the excavation actions, the anterior edge of the slope became unstable, and then the trailing edge of the slope was drawn downward, resulting in tension cracks. Under the influence of rainfall, rainfall infiltrated along the fissures of the slope, while the shear strength of the rock and soil mass in the central part was reduced, resulting in the sliding interface between the soil layer and red clay layer. Ultimately a deep landslide was induced. ③ After the landslide excavation, the stability coefficient decreased by 0.102, as compared with the initial state. Then, influenced by continuous rainfall, the stability coefficient decreased slowly at an average rate of 0.010/d in the first 10 d, and rapidly decreased to the lowest rate of 0.034/d in 10-13 d, and began to rise after 13 d. The research results are expected to provide effective basis for the prevention and control of such landslides.
- loess landslide /
- rainfall infiltration /
- excavation of cutting slope /
- deformation process /
- stability analysis /
- Laomiao landslide

HTML全文

图 1 陕西省长武县杨厂村老庙滑坡地理位置图

Figure 1. Location of the Laomiao landslide in Yangchang Village, Changwu County, Shaanxi Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 老庙滑坡工程地质平面图及主要变形特征

Figure 2. Engineering geologic plan map and main deformation characteristics of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 老庙滑坡Ⅰ-Ⅰ′工程地质剖面图

Q₃^eol.上更新统风积物(马兰黄土); Q₂^eol.中更新统风积物(离石黄土); N₂b.新近系保德组(红黏土); K₂l.中白垩统洛河组(砂泥岩)

Figure 3. Engineering geologic cross section of Ⅰ-Ⅰ′ of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 陕西省长武县2015年8月间日降雨量及累计降雨量

Figure 4. Daily rainfall and accumulative rainfall in Changwu County, Shaanxi Province during August, 2015

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 老庙滑坡失稳演化过程示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of instability process of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 老庙滑坡Ⅰ-Ⅰ′剖面有限元计算模型

Figure 6. Finite element method mode of Ⅰ-Ⅰ′ profile of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 老庙滑坡工况3下设置降雨条件

Figure 7. Rainfall conditions are set under working condition 3 of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 老庙滑坡工况1和工况2下最大剪应变云图及累计位移云图

Figure 8. Cloud image of maximum shear strain and resultant displacement under working conditions 1 and 2 of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 老庙滑坡工况3下最大剪应变云图及累计位移云图

Figure 9. Cloud image of maximum shear strain and resultant displacement under working conditions 3 of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 老庙滑坡稳定性系数-降雨历时曲线

Figure 10. Curve of stability coefficient versus rainfall duration of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 老庙滑坡工况3下各监测点抗剪强度(A)、累计位移(B)与降雨历时曲线

(a, b, c位置见图 6)

Figure 11. Curve of shear strength (A), resultant displacement (B) versus rainfall duration of each monitoring site under working condition 3 of the Laomiao landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 老庙滑坡数值计算岩土体力学参数

Table 1. Mechanical parameters of the rock and soil of the Laomiao landslide in the calculation

岩层	天然重度γ/(kN·m^-3)	饱和重度γ′/(kN·m^-3)	弹性模量E/MPa	泊松比μ	黏聚力c/kPa	内摩擦角φ/(°)	有效黏聚力c′/kPa	有效内摩擦角φ′/(°)
砂质粉土	18.9	19.1	23.0	0.30	15.5	14.0	11.2	8.5
粉质黏土	19.6	19.9	21.0	0.20	17.0	16.5	13.5	9.3
红黏土	19.5	19.7	20.0	0.20	18.5	20.0	14.6	10.8
砂泥岩	24.0	24.5	150.0	0.15	400.0	42.0

下载: 导出CSV

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