Movement characteristics and formation mechanism of the "6·10" Pengjiadong high speed landslide in Xingren
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摘要:
2021年6月10日20时30分左右, 贵州省兴仁彭家洞发生高速滑坡, 滑坡体高速运动沿途铲刮坡面崩塌堆积体, 造成3人遇难, 18栋房屋损毁。通过对滑坡发生前后影像资料遥感解译、灾害发生现场详细的地质调查及室内综合分析等技术手段, 对彭家洞滑坡的特征进行了详细描述, 阐明了滑坡发生的运动特征与形成机理。研究表明: 斜坡地形"上陡-中缓-下陡"与岩土结构"上硬下软"是滑坡形成的内在因素, 人类工程活动、强降雨的饱水加载和下渗软化作用是滑坡形成的外在因素; 滑坡平面形态呈折线形, 根据运动特征和堆积结构将滑坡分为滑源区(Ⅰ)、铲刮-流通区(Ⅱ)、铲刮堆积区(Ⅲ)3个区; 滑坡是由危岩带形成、滑坡孕育及斜坡失稳3个阶段孕育形成的挤压-推移式高速滑坡。研究结果对贵州类似的斜坡地带及岩土结构区域开展防灾减灾工作具有较强的指导作用。
Abstract:At approximately 20:30 on June 10, 2021, a high-speed landslide occurred in Pengjiadong in Xingren. The landslide mass moved at a high speed and scraped the slope collapse accumulation along the way, killed 3 people and damaged 18 houses. Through remote sensing interpretation of image data before and after the landslide, detailed geological investigation of the disaster site and indoor comprehensive analysis, the characteristics of the landslide were described in detail, and the movement characteristics and formation mechanism of the landslide were clarified. The research shows that the slope terrain with the feature of "steep up-moderate slow down-steep down" and the geotechnical structure with the feature of "hard up and soft down" were the internal factors of the landslide, while human engineering activities, saturated loading of heavy rainfall and infiltration softening were the external factors of the landslide. The plane shape of the landslide was polygonal. According to the movement characteristics and accumulation structure, the landslide was divided into three areas: sliding source area (Ⅰ), shoveling-circulation area (Ⅱ) and shoveling accumulation area (Ⅲ). The landslides was a high-speed compression-push landslide formed by the formation of dangerous rock zones, landslide initiation and slope collapse. The research shows that the in-depth study of the movement characteristics and disaster formation mechanism of the Pengjiadong landslide has a strong guiding role for disaster prevention and reduction in similar slope areas and geotechnical structure areas in Guizhou.
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图 2 彭家洞高速滑坡地质构造图
Figure 2. Geological structure map of Pengjiadong high speed landslide
图 3 彭家洞滑坡斜坡变形破坏历史
Figure 3. Slope deformation and failure history of Pengjiadong landslide
图 4 彭家洞滑坡分区及特征分布图
Figure 4. Pengjiadong landslide zoning and characteristic distribution map
图 5 滑槽2、滑槽3内部物质组成特征
Figure 5. Material composition characteristics inside chute 2 and chute 3
图 6 岩体结构面及岩体节理倾向玫瑰花图
Figure 6. Rock mass structural plane and rose diagram of rock mass joint tendency
图 7 滑前降雨过程和累计降雨量曲线图
Figure 7. Presliding rainfall process and cumulative rainfall curve
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