川东北普光地区下三叠统飞仙关组岩溶段的地质意义

梁欣阳; 付德奎; 张宁; 高秋灵; 张雄华; 陈建

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0164

川东北普光地区下三叠统飞仙关组岩溶段的地质意义

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0164

1.
中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院, 武汉 430074
2.
中石化中原油田普光分公司, 四川达州 635002
3.
河南工程学院, 郑州 451191

基金项目:

中国石油化工股份有限公司中原油田普光分公司项目"普光地区海相层序地层特征及控制因素研究" 31301845-20-ZC0613-0026

详细信息

作者简介:
梁欣阳(1996—)，男，现正攻读地质学专业硕士学位，主要从事地质学研究工作。E-mail：li314721619@163.com

通讯作者:
张宁(1965—)，女，教授，主要从事牙形石生物地层学、沉积学及碳酸盐岩微相等相关方面的研究。E-mail：344812098@qq.com

中图分类号: P642.25
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-01
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-10

Geological significance of karst section of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in Puguang area, Northeast Sichuan

1.
School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
2.
SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oilfield Puguang Branch, Dazhou Sichuan 653000, China
3.
Henan University of Engineering, Zhenzhou 451191, China

摘要

摘要:
川东北地区飞仙关组发育碳酸盐岩储层, 是普光气田天然气的主要产出层位。在飞仙关组四段的划分中, 前人研究对飞一段与飞二段间是否存在不整合面这一问题有较大争议。对普光地区现有的4口钻井开展了岩心观察, 在飞一-飞二段中部发现了岩溶角砾段, 且在该段上下发现了一定的岩性分界面。飞一段底部为细晶白云岩, 而飞一段顶部至飞二段开始发育鲕粒及模铸孔。采取PG104-1井岩心样品并进行了碳氧同位素测试, 其碳同位素值普遍正偏, 而氧同位素值均大于-5‰, 指示相关流体为大气淡水流体, 说明岩溶角砾段底部经历了一定时间的暴露, 沉积间断发育。综合界面上下出现的碳氧同位素差异, 模铸孔的出现及消失以及测井曲线的变化等因素, 认为飞一段与飞二段的界限可以由因准同生岩溶而发育的岩溶角砾段划分并表征。
- 飞仙关组 /
- 古岩溶 /
- 碳同位素 /
- 氧同位素 /
- 普光地区
Abstract:
Reservoir strata with carbonate rocks of Feixianguan Formation are the main output horizons of natural gas in Puguang Gas Field, Northeast Sichuan. As to the division of four members of Feixianguan Formation, the controversy regarding whether the T₁f₁ member and T₁f₂ member should be classified in the same third-order sequence appears. Based on the core observation of the existing drilling in Puguang area, the karst breccia section is found atthe middle of the T₁f₁-T₁f₂ section, and there is a certain lithologic interface above and below it. The bottom of T₁f₁ is fine-grained dolomite. From the top of T₁f₁ to T₁f₂, oolites and mould casting holes begin to develop.The carbon and oxygen isotope study in Well PG104-1 shows that the fluid environment is atmospheric freshwater fluid, which proves the development of quasi-syngenetic karst, while the oxygen isotope value is more than -5‰, indicating that the relevant fluid is atmospheric freshwater fluid, which proves that the bottom of the karst breccia section experiences a certain period of exposure and that a sedimentary discontinuity appears.Considering the differences in carbon and oxygen isotopes between the upper and lower interface, the emergence and disappearance of die casting holes and the changes in logging curves, it is considered that the boundary between T₁f₁ and T₁f₂ can be distinguished and characterized by karst breccia sections. This study provides an important basis for the study of the storage and migration of oil and gas in Feixianguan Formation.
- Feixianguan Formation /
- paleokarst /
- carbon isotope /
- oxygen isotope /
- Puguang area

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图 1 普光气田及探井地理位置

Figure 1. Geographical location of Puguang Gas Field and exploration wells

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图 2 PG304-1井飞仙关组地层柱状图(图中橙色矩形表示角砾发育位置)

Figure 2. Stratigraphic column of Feixianguan Formation of Well PG304-1

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图 3 岩溶段发育示意图

Figure 3. Sketch of karst section

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图 4 岩溶段岩心及薄片照片

a.大规模溶孔, PG102-1井，5 624.5 m；b.岩溶角砾，PG302-1井，5 337 m；c.后生方解石晶体充填，PG304-1井，5 544.2 m；d.沟槽状溶孔，PG104-1井，5 718 m；e.鲕粒中的模铸孔，PG104-1井，5 719 m；f.变晶残余鲕粒，红色铸体，PG302-1，5 330 m：g.变晶残余鲕粒, 含模铸孔, 红色铸体, PG302-1井，5 368 m；h.角砾间填隙有机质和基质，PG304-1井，5 532 m；i.角砾间填隙有机质和基质，PG304-1井, 5 545 m

Figure 4. Photos of cores and slices of karst section

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图 5 碳、氧同位素交会图

Figure 5. Cross plot of carbon and oxygen isotopes

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图 6 PG104-1井飞一-飞二段界限柱状图(图中橙色矩形表示模铸孔发育范围，红横线代表飞一、二段的分界线)

Figure 6. Bar graph of the boundary of T₁f¹ and T₁f² in Well PG104-1

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图 7 野外露头与岩心上发育的岩溶角砾段

a，b.崩塌的岩溶角砾岩，四川省宣汉县土家新寨；c.岩溶角砾段，PG104-1井，深度5 719.30 m；d.具大量溶孔的岩溶角砾段，PG104-1井，深度5 720.50 m

Figure 7. Karst breccia section outcropping in the field and the cores

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图 8 四川盆地东北部PG104-1井鲕粒白云岩铸体薄片照片

a.鲕模铸孔, 开始出现示顶底构造, 下部暗色的为渗流粉砂(黄色箭头指示)，上部为亮晶方解石或无充填(白色箭头指示)，5 707 m；b.富含具示底构造的鲕模铸孔(箭头指示意义同上)，5 718 m；c.鲕模铸孔含量减少，5 720 m；d.粒间溶孔，几乎没有模铸孔，5 722 m

Figure 8. Photos of slice of oolite dolomite casting body of Well PG104-1 in Northeast Sichuan Basin

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表 1 PG104-1井碳、氧同位素值及Z值

Table 1. Carbon and oxygen isotopes and Z value of Well PG104-1

井号	盒号	δ¹³C/‰	δ¹⁸O/‰	Z值	¹³C内精度	¹⁸O内精度
104-1	14	2.22	-3.39	130.161 846 3	0.009 912 954	0.035 939
	20	2.07	-3.66	129.710 056 8	0.032 282 606	0.035 972
	28	1.80	-4.63	128.676 834 9	0.026 793 034	0.036 636
	32	1.90	-4.70	128.851 398 4	0.023 880 955	0.005 718
	34	1.93	-4.15	129.197 900 6	0.031 981 245	0.032 285
	36	1.93	-3.67	129.420 870 1	0.026 785 568	0.028 077
	38	2.02	-3.27	129.797 660 9	0.034 662 179	0.036 560
	40	1.78	-4.47	128.723 326 1	0.024 669 144	0.048 083
	44	1.89	-4.38	128.996 090 0	0.027 868 740	0.019 500
	48	2.01	-4.94	128.950 678 2	0.023 007 970	0.018 239
	50	1.97	-4.57	129.051 854 1	0.019 681 633	0.042 326
	56	2.00	-4.42	129.193 908 1	0.029 371 188	0.016 216
	58	1.85	-4.48	128.846 230 7	0.012 339 638	0.025 500
	60	2.34	-3.22	130.488 780 5	0.032 259 366	0.026 676
	62	1.98	-4.85	128.930 568 8	0.014 829 026	0.024 339
	64	1.87	-4.71	128.774 386 2	0.024 287 171	0.027 528
	66	1.96	-4.75	128.945 819 8	0.030 611 545	0.019 813
	70	1.85	-4.45	128.8 811 159	0.021 642 551	0.008 050
	72	1.86	-4.27	128.973 923 7	0.018 413 763	0.026 985
	80	2.04	-3.27	129.847 228 8	0.017 862 437	0.027 983
	82	2.20	-2.97	130.334 468 0	0.021 924 112	0.035 646
	86	1.92	-4.42	129.033 282 6	0.026 703 308	0.021 995
	均值	1.97	-4.16	129.26
注：Z为无量纲盐度表征值

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表 2 古岩溶分类特征与判别指标

Table 2. Classification characteristics and judgment indexes of paleokarst

岩溶类别	岩溶流体	作用对象	δ¹³C值/‰	δ¹⁸O值/‰
准同生岩溶	(含CO₂)大气淡水流体	未固结成岩碳酸盐沉积物	-1~2	-10~-5
风化岩溶	大气淡水流体	已经固结成岩、完成矿物稳定化转变后碳酸盐岩	-10~3	绝大多数小于-5，一般在-10左右
深埋岩溶	有机酸或热硫酸盐流体	深埋地下数十米处的碳酸盐岩	-2~2	-8~-6

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