Dynamic response charactertstics of long petroleum pipelines extending along mountain ridge under strong earthquake
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摘要: 沿山脊走向的长输油气管道在我国西部山区常有分布，强震作用下其动力响应直接关系到管道的安全运营，实际管道工程建设中亟需相关研究结果提供指导。依托云南玉溪龙马槽村段此类输油管道工程，考虑山坡的工程地质特征，对管道与坡体进行整体三维数值建模，采用有限差分方法FLAC3D进行数值模拟，基于汶川地震波，计算得到了水平地震加速度峰值、震后等典型时刻的管道位移、轴力、剪力和弯矩及坡体稳定性等地震动力响应特征。结果表明，管道内力最大值出现于震后时刻，地震作用使管道轴力达到较高水平，而剪力与弯矩值的量级仅占最大轴力的约1%；竖向地震波对管道内力影响较小，管道受力的不利部位出现在其与断层交界附近。地震过程中管道水平方向存在较多的弹性变形，竖向则存在较多的塑性变形，管道累计变形是影响其内力的主要因素，管道内力最大值出现于震后时刻。Abstract: There are many long petroleum pipelines extending along mountain ridges in the mountainous areas of western China.Dynamic responses of the pipelines under strong earthquake have significant effect on their safe service ability.It is necessary for the related investigations to provide guidance for practical construction of the pipeline projects.In terms of a typical section of this kind of oil pipelines at Longmacao village, Yusi, Yunnan, a pipeline-slope 3D numerical simulation model is established considering engineering geology conditions of the slope.Further, dynamic responses of the pipeline including its displacement, axial force, shear force and bending moment as well as overall stability of the pipeline-slope system are computed using FLAC3D program with inputting Wenchuan seismic wave, and the seismic responses at some typical moments such as the moment at peak value of the horizontal acceleration and after the earthquake are specifically obtained.The results show that internal forces of the pipeline reach their maximum values after the earthquake, and the axial force gets high level under strong earthquake but the shear force and bending moment are in small level with about 1% magnitude of the former.Besides, vertical seismic wave has little effect on internal forces of the pipeline, and the position of the maximum internal forces is near the intersection of the pipeline and fault.During strong earthquake, the pipelines appear mainly elastic and plastic deformation in the horizontal and vertical direction, respectively.The accumulated deformation is the major factor to influence internal forces of the pipelines, whose maximum occurs at the moment after the earthquake.
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Key words:
- petroleum pipeline /
- mountain ridge /
- strong earthquake /
- dynamic response /
- numerical simulation
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图 1 中国石化玉溪站段典型管线分布图
Figure 1. Distribution of typical oil pipeline controlled by Yuxi station of SIINOPEC Group
图 2 玉溪站龙马槽村段管线全貌
Figure 2. Panorama of the oil pipeline in the area of Longmacao village, Yuxi station
图 3 龙马槽村段管线平面图
Figure 3. Planview of the oil pipeline in the area of Longmacao village
图 4 龙马槽村段管线地层剖面图
Figure 4. Profile of the strata surrounding the oil pipeline in the area of Longmacao village
图 5 龙马槽村段管道-坡体数值模型
Figure 5. Numerical model of the pipeline-slope system in Longmacao village
图 6 滤波与基线校正后的加载地震波加速度时程曲线
Figure 6. Acceleration time-history curve of the filtered and calibrated seismic waves
图 7 工况Ⅰ各典型时刻坡体与管道位移分布云图及管道位移曲线
Figure 7. Displacement contour of the slope with pipeline and specific distribution curve of the pipeline in Case Ⅰ at typical moments
图 8 工况Ⅱ各典型时刻坡体与管道位移分布云图及曲线
Figure 8. Displacement contour of the slope with pipeline and specific distribution curve of the pipeline in Case Ⅱ at typical moments
图 9 工况Ⅰ各典型时刻管道内力分布曲线
Figure 9. Distribution curve of internal forces of the pipeline in Case I at typical moments
图 10 工况Ⅱ各典型时刻管道内力分布曲线
Figure 10. Distribution curve of internal forces of the pipeline in Case Ⅱ at typical moments
图 11 校核工况强度折减至极限状态时管道-坡体位移矢量云图及整体稳定系数
Figure 11. Factors of safety and displacement vector contour of the pipeline-slope system in the limit state via strength reduction method under the main design condition
表 1 龙马槽村段管道-坡体数值模型的主要物理力学参数
Table 1. Main physical and mechanical parameters of the pipeline-slope system in Longmacao village
弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 重度/(kN·m-3) 内摩擦角/(°) 黏聚力/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 砂质板岩 10 0.3 26 40 0.5 3 断层1 5 0.3 22 40 0.25 0 板岩 20 0.3 27 45 1 7 断层2 1 0.3 22 30 0.15 0 黏土夹砂 2 0.3 23 30 0.30 0.4 白云岩 14 0.3 26 35 0.42 3 管体材料 205 0.2 78 - - 300 
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