Application of geostatistical inversion constrained by sequence framework in thin-bedded sandbody prediction
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摘要: 西湖凹陷砂岩储层具有砂体厚度薄、砂泥互层发育以及横向变化快的特点，传统的地球物理方法很难精细地刻画砂体空间分布。将层序地层学与地质统计学反演相结合，在建立等时地层格架的基础上，构建相应的地球物理模型，在正确的沉积学理论指导下，对西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带平湖组砂岩储层开展砂体的时空分布预测研究。研究结果表明，平湖组可划分出3个三级层序，下部砂体单层厚度较大，横向连续性好，平面连片发育；中部以泥岩为主，砂体孤立发育，连续性差；上部砂体增多，单层厚度较薄，横向连续性好。结合钻井实际资料分析表明，砂体预测结果垂向分辨率可以达到1~2 m。地质统计学反演有效解决了西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带薄层砂体识别的难题，可为研究区有利储层预测提供重要支撑。Abstract: The spatial distribution of the sand reservoir in Xihu Depression is difficult to predict precisely by using traditional geophysical techniques, owing to the following two main reasons:1)The single-layer thickness of the sand reservoir is thin; and 2)Interbeds of sandstone and mudstone show rapid and frequent lateral lithofaices change.Based on geological data and geophysical techniques, the isochronous sequence stratigraphic framework of the Eocene Pinghu Formation in Pinghu slope belt of Xihu Depression was established.The sandbody distribution within the sequence stratigraphic framework was predicted by using geostatistical inversion.The result shows that Pinghu Formation can be divided into three 3rd-order sequences.The lower sandbody is characterized by large single layer thickness, good lateral continuity, and contiguous plane development.The middle part is composed mainly of mudstone, with the isolated sandbody and poor continuity.The upper part exhibits an increase trend in layer thickness in sandbody with fine lateral continuity.Comparison of the geophysical research with traditional geological research reveals that the vertical resolution of sandbody prediction results obtained by geostatistical inversion could reach a resolution down to 1-2 m.The results indicate that geostatistical inversion is an effective approach to solve the problem on precise lithofacies identification and spatial distribution prediction by using 3D seismic data in Xihu Depression, providing valuable guidance for the favorable reservoir prediction in the future.
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Key words:
- sequence stratigraphy /
- geostatistical inversion /
- reservoir prediction /
- Xihu Depression
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图 1 西湖凹陷构造及地质综合柱状图
Figure 1. Structural outline and comprehensive geologic column of Xihu Depression
图 2 西湖凹陷平湖组单井及地震层序界面划分(剖面位置见图 1)
Figure 2. Drilling and seismic sequence interface of Pinghu Formation in Xihu Depression
图 3 西湖凹陷平湖组连井层序地层格架
Figure 3. Sequence stratigraphic cross section of Pinghu Formation in Xihu Depression
图 4 基于钻井与测井资料岩性识别对比
GR.自然伽玛；RT.声波时差；DEN.密度；P·I.纵波阻抗
Figure 4. Comparison of two predicted lithofacies using core data and well logs
图 5 西湖凹陷平湖组反演地球物理模型
Figure 5. Geophysical model for inversion of Pinghu Formation in Xihu Depression
图 6 不同层序内波阻抗-岩相概率分布图
Figure 6. Probability density function of lithology and wave impedance within different sequences
图 7 地质统计学反演调整变差函数
Figure 7. Lateral component of the variograms by geostatistical inversion
图 8 地质统计学岩性反演综合分析
Figure 8. Synthesized analysis of sandbody prediction by implementing geostatistical inversion
图 9 北西向地质统计学反演砂体预测剖面(剖面位置见图 11)
Figure 9. SE-trending sandbody prediction section obtained by implementing geostatistical inversion
图 10 北东方向地质统计学反演砂体预测剖面(剖面位置见图 11)
Figure 10. NE-trending sandbody prediction section obtained by implementing geostatistical inversion
图 11 平湖斜坡带平湖组P10、P9、P8砂组地质统计学反演砂体预测平面图
Figure 11. P10, P9, P8 sandbody of prediction obtained by implementing geostatistical inversion
图 12 过A1、A2、A6井砂体预测剖面地质验证(剖面位置见图 11)
Figure 12. Sandbody prediction section for geological verification through wells A1, A2, A4
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